Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism
Parasitic helminths resort to various mechanisms to evade and modulate their host’s immune response, several of which have been described for <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>. We recently reported the presence of sialic acid residues on the surface of adult <i>S. mansoni</i> extrac...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/4/426 |
| _version_ | 1797444380018081792 |
|---|---|
| author | Maude Dagenais Jared Q. Gerlach Timothy G. Geary Thavy Long |
| author_facet | Maude Dagenais Jared Q. Gerlach Timothy G. Geary Thavy Long |
| author_sort | Maude Dagenais |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parasitic helminths resort to various mechanisms to evade and modulate their host’s immune response, several of which have been described for <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>. We recently reported the presence of sialic acid residues on the surface of adult <i>S. mansoni</i> extracellular vesicles (EVs). We now report that these sialylated molecules are mammalian serum proteins. In addition, our data suggest that most sialylated EV-associated proteins do not elicit a humoral response upon injection into mice, or in sera obtained from infected animals. Sialic acids frequently terminate glycans on the surface of vertebrate cells, where they serve important functions in physiological processes such as cell adhesion and signalling. Interestingly, several pathogens have evolved ways to mimic or utilise host sialic acid beneficially by coating their own proteins, thereby facilitating cell invasion and providing protection from host immune effectors. Together, our results indicate that <i>S. mansoni</i> EVs are coated with host glycoproteins, which may contribute to immune evasion by masking antigenic sites, protecting EVs from removal from serum and aiding in cell adhesion and entry to exert their functions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:10:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0b9312f5b6140fd85401a47f0bda12d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:10:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-a0b9312f5b6140fd85401a47f0bda12d2023-11-30T21:42:11ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-03-0111442610.3390/pathogens11040426Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion MechanismMaude Dagenais0Jared Q. Gerlach1Timothy G. Geary2Thavy Long3Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, CanadaAdvanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National University of Ireland-Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, IrelandInstitute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, CanadaInstitute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, CanadaParasitic helminths resort to various mechanisms to evade and modulate their host’s immune response, several of which have been described for <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>. We recently reported the presence of sialic acid residues on the surface of adult <i>S. mansoni</i> extracellular vesicles (EVs). We now report that these sialylated molecules are mammalian serum proteins. In addition, our data suggest that most sialylated EV-associated proteins do not elicit a humoral response upon injection into mice, or in sera obtained from infected animals. Sialic acids frequently terminate glycans on the surface of vertebrate cells, where they serve important functions in physiological processes such as cell adhesion and signalling. Interestingly, several pathogens have evolved ways to mimic or utilise host sialic acid beneficially by coating their own proteins, thereby facilitating cell invasion and providing protection from host immune effectors. Together, our results indicate that <i>S. mansoni</i> EVs are coated with host glycoproteins, which may contribute to immune evasion by masking antigenic sites, protecting EVs from removal from serum and aiding in cell adhesion and entry to exert their functions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/4/426extracellular vesiclesexosomessecretomehelminthstrematodeglycans |
| spellingShingle | Maude Dagenais Jared Q. Gerlach Timothy G. Geary Thavy Long Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism Pathogens extracellular vesicles exosomes secretome helminths trematode glycans |
| title | Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism |
| title_full | Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism |
| title_fullStr | Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism |
| title_short | Sugar Coating: Utilisation of Host Serum Sialoglycoproteins by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> as a Potential Immune Evasion Mechanism |
| title_sort | sugar coating utilisation of host serum sialoglycoproteins by i schistosoma mansoni i as a potential immune evasion mechanism |
| topic | extracellular vesicles exosomes secretome helminths trematode glycans |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/4/426 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maudedagenais sugarcoatingutilisationofhostserumsialoglycoproteinsbyischistosomamansoniiasapotentialimmuneevasionmechanism AT jaredqgerlach sugarcoatingutilisationofhostserumsialoglycoproteinsbyischistosomamansoniiasapotentialimmuneevasionmechanism AT timothyggeary sugarcoatingutilisationofhostserumsialoglycoproteinsbyischistosomamansoniiasapotentialimmuneevasionmechanism AT thavylong sugarcoatingutilisationofhostserumsialoglycoproteinsbyischistosomamansoniiasapotentialimmuneevasionmechanism |