Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties
The objective of this work was to analyse, using a time series analysis, the effect of water regime for two cultivars at three stages of ripeness, during three consecutive years. Fruit and oil yield; O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> production and NADH oxidation activities; polyphen...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/4/729 |
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| author | Inmaculada Garrido Marcos Hernández José Luis Llerena Francisco Espinosa |
| author_facet | Inmaculada Garrido Marcos Hernández José Luis Llerena Francisco Espinosa |
| author_sort | Inmaculada Garrido |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this work was to analyse, using a time series analysis, the effect of water regime for two cultivars at three stages of ripeness, during three consecutive years. Fruit and oil yield; O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> production and NADH oxidation activities; polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities; total phenols, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid glycoside content; and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were determined. All these parameters were found to depend on variety, irrigation and year. The results showed that the fruit and oil yields were strongly dependent on both irrigation and variety. The DW/FW ratio was practically constant during ripening, with small variety-dependent changes due to irrigation. Total amino acid and protein contents increased with ripening, with a close dependence on variety but not on irrigation. The SOD and POX activities appeared closely related, and related to the NADH oxidation and the amount of O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>. The evolution of phenols and FRAP during ripening was complementary to that of NADH oxidation, O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> production as well as SOD and POX activities. The determining factors of the SOD, POX and PPO activities were the variety and the ripening; the determining factor of the yield, ROS production, total phenols and antioxidant capacity was the water regime. Inverse correlations were observed between maximum temperature and total phenols (−0.869), total flavonoids (−0.823), total PPGs (−0.801) and FRAP (−0.829); and between DW/FW and irrigation (−0.483). The remaining significant correlations were positive. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:14:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0cfebab87324896b468666be7068006 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:14:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a0cfebab87324896b468666be70680062023-12-01T00:35:54ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-04-0111472910.3390/antiox11040729Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla VarietiesInmaculada Garrido0Marcos Hernández1José Luis Llerena2Francisco Espinosa3Research Group FBCMP(BBB015), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Avenida de Elvas, University of Extremadura, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, SpainCIFP La Granja, Government of Cantabria, 39792 Heras, SpainResearch Group FBCMP(BBB015), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Avenida de Elvas, University of Extremadura, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, SpainResearch Group FBCMP(BBB015), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Avenida de Elvas, University of Extremadura, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, SpainThe objective of this work was to analyse, using a time series analysis, the effect of water regime for two cultivars at three stages of ripeness, during three consecutive years. Fruit and oil yield; O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> production and NADH oxidation activities; polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities; total phenols, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid glycoside content; and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were determined. All these parameters were found to depend on variety, irrigation and year. The results showed that the fruit and oil yields were strongly dependent on both irrigation and variety. The DW/FW ratio was practically constant during ripening, with small variety-dependent changes due to irrigation. Total amino acid and protein contents increased with ripening, with a close dependence on variety but not on irrigation. The SOD and POX activities appeared closely related, and related to the NADH oxidation and the amount of O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>. The evolution of phenols and FRAP during ripening was complementary to that of NADH oxidation, O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> production as well as SOD and POX activities. The determining factors of the SOD, POX and PPO activities were the variety and the ripening; the determining factor of the yield, ROS production, total phenols and antioxidant capacity was the water regime. Inverse correlations were observed between maximum temperature and total phenols (−0.869), total flavonoids (−0.823), total PPGs (−0.801) and FRAP (−0.829); and between DW/FW and irrigation (−0.483). The remaining significant correlations were positive.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/4/729irrigation<i>Olea europaea</i>peroxidasepolyphenol oxidaseripeningsuperoxide dismutase |
| spellingShingle | Inmaculada Garrido Marcos Hernández José Luis Llerena Francisco Espinosa Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties Antioxidants irrigation <i>Olea europaea</i> peroxidase polyphenol oxidase ripening superoxide dismutase |
| title | Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties |
| title_full | Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties |
| title_short | Effect of Water Supplementation on Oxidant/Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Content in Growing Olives of the Morisca and Manzanilla Varieties |
| title_sort | effect of water supplementation on oxidant antioxidant activities and total phenol content in growing olives of the morisca and manzanilla varieties |
| topic | irrigation <i>Olea europaea</i> peroxidase polyphenol oxidase ripening superoxide dismutase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/4/729 |
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