Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab
This review summarizes the latest findings in the literature of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor (Tie-2) complex, and faricimab along with their involvement for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases in various clinical trials. In ischemic diseases, such as diabetic retin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1869 |
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| author | Majid Khan Aamir A. Aziz Noah A. Shafi Tayeb Abbas Arshad M. Khanani |
| author_facet | Majid Khan Aamir A. Aziz Noah A. Shafi Tayeb Abbas Arshad M. Khanani |
| author_sort | Majid Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review summarizes the latest findings in the literature of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor (Tie-2) complex, and faricimab along with their involvement for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases in various clinical trials. In ischemic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, Ang-2 is upregulated, deactivating Tie-2, resulting in vascular leakage, pericyte loss, and inflammation. Recombinant Angiopeotin-1 (Ang-1), Ang-2-blocking molecules, and inhibitors of vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) decrease inflammation-associated vascular leakage, showing therapeutic effects in diabetes, atherosclerosis, and ocular neovascular diseases. In addition, novel studies show that angiopoietin-like proteins may play an important role in cellular metabolism leading to retinal vascular diseases. Current therapeutic focus combines Ang-Tie targeted drugs with other anti-angiogenic or immune therapies. Clinical studies have identified faricimab, a novel bispecific antibody designed for intravitreal use, to simultaneously bind and neutralize Ang-2 and VEGF-A for treatment of diabetic eye disease. By targeting both Ang-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), faricimab displays an improved and sustained efficacy over longer treatment intervals, delivering superior vision outcomes for patients with diabetic macular edema and reducing the treatment burden for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema. Phase 2 results have produced promising outcomes with regard to efficacy and durability. Faricimab is currently being evaluated in global Phase 3 studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:41:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0e8476cde9f481aa5368f7e5dcd67ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:41:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-a0e8476cde9f481aa5368f7e5dcd67ff2023-11-20T09:42:04ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-08-0198186910.3390/cells9081869Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving FaricimabMajid Khan0Aamir A. Aziz1Noah A. Shafi2Tayeb Abbas3Arshad M. Khanani4Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USASierra Eye Associates, Reno, NV 89502, USAReno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USAReno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USAReno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USAThis review summarizes the latest findings in the literature of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor (Tie-2) complex, and faricimab along with their involvement for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases in various clinical trials. In ischemic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, Ang-2 is upregulated, deactivating Tie-2, resulting in vascular leakage, pericyte loss, and inflammation. Recombinant Angiopeotin-1 (Ang-1), Ang-2-blocking molecules, and inhibitors of vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) decrease inflammation-associated vascular leakage, showing therapeutic effects in diabetes, atherosclerosis, and ocular neovascular diseases. In addition, novel studies show that angiopoietin-like proteins may play an important role in cellular metabolism leading to retinal vascular diseases. Current therapeutic focus combines Ang-Tie targeted drugs with other anti-angiogenic or immune therapies. Clinical studies have identified faricimab, a novel bispecific antibody designed for intravitreal use, to simultaneously bind and neutralize Ang-2 and VEGF-A for treatment of diabetic eye disease. By targeting both Ang-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), faricimab displays an improved and sustained efficacy over longer treatment intervals, delivering superior vision outcomes for patients with diabetic macular edema and reducing the treatment burden for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema. Phase 2 results have produced promising outcomes with regard to efficacy and durability. Faricimab is currently being evaluated in global Phase 3 studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1869VEGF-AAng-2 and Ang-1 pathwayTie-2 receptordiabetic eye diseaseVE-PTPvascularization |
| spellingShingle | Majid Khan Aamir A. Aziz Noah A. Shafi Tayeb Abbas Arshad M. Khanani Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab Cells VEGF-A Ang-2 and Ang-1 pathway Tie-2 receptor diabetic eye disease VE-PTP vascularization |
| title | Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab |
| title_full | Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab |
| title_fullStr | Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab |
| title_short | Targeting Angiopoietin in Retinal Vascular Diseases: A Literature Review and Summary of Clinical Trials Involving Faricimab |
| title_sort | targeting angiopoietin in retinal vascular diseases a literature review and summary of clinical trials involving faricimab |
| topic | VEGF-A Ang-2 and Ang-1 pathway Tie-2 receptor diabetic eye disease VE-PTP vascularization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1869 |
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