The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth highest-incidence cancer and the 4th most deadly cancer all over the world, with a high fatality and low diagnostic rate. Nowadays, Excessive alcohol consumption, type-2 diabetes, smoking and obesity have become some primary risk factors of HCC. As interce...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.790916/full |
| _version_ | 1818872099512516608 |
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| author | Wei Wang Li-Ping Hao Haizhu Song Xiao-Yuan Chu Xiao-Yuan Chu Rui Wang Rui Wang |
| author_facet | Wei Wang Li-Ping Hao Haizhu Song Xiao-Yuan Chu Xiao-Yuan Chu Rui Wang Rui Wang |
| author_sort | Wei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth highest-incidence cancer and the 4th most deadly cancer all over the world, with a high fatality and low diagnostic rate. Nowadays, Excessive alcohol consumption, type-2 diabetes, smoking and obesity have become some primary risk factors of HCC. As intercellular messenger transporting information cargoes between cells, exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by most types of cells including tumor cells and non-tumor cells and play a pivotal role in establishing an HCC microenvironment. Exosomes, and more generally EVs, contain different molecules, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, lipids and transcription factors. The three main ncRNAs in exosomes are microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs). NcRNAs, identified as essential components, are selectively sorted into exosomes and exosomal ncRNAs show great potential in regulating tumor development, including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape and drug resistance. Here, we chiefly review the formation and uptake of exosomes, classification of exosomal ncRNAs and current research on the roles of exosomal ncRNAs in HCC progression. We also explored their clinical applications as new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic avenues in HCC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T12:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0f04267caf3463882371d13025713bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T12:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a0f04267caf3463882371d13025713bb2022-12-21T20:21:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2022-02-011210.3389/fonc.2022.790916790916The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular CarcinomaWei Wang0Li-Ping Hao1Haizhu Song2Xiao-Yuan Chu3Xiao-Yuan Chu4Rui Wang5Rui Wang6Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth highest-incidence cancer and the 4th most deadly cancer all over the world, with a high fatality and low diagnostic rate. Nowadays, Excessive alcohol consumption, type-2 diabetes, smoking and obesity have become some primary risk factors of HCC. As intercellular messenger transporting information cargoes between cells, exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by most types of cells including tumor cells and non-tumor cells and play a pivotal role in establishing an HCC microenvironment. Exosomes, and more generally EVs, contain different molecules, including messenger RNAs (mRNAs), non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, lipids and transcription factors. The three main ncRNAs in exosomes are microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs). NcRNAs, identified as essential components, are selectively sorted into exosomes and exosomal ncRNAs show great potential in regulating tumor development, including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape and drug resistance. Here, we chiefly review the formation and uptake of exosomes, classification of exosomal ncRNAs and current research on the roles of exosomal ncRNAs in HCC progression. We also explored their clinical applications as new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic avenues in HCC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.790916/fullexosomal non-coding RNAshepatocellular carcinomaexosomeextracellular vesiclesdiagnostic biomarkerstherapeutic target |
| spellingShingle | Wei Wang Li-Ping Hao Haizhu Song Xiao-Yuan Chu Xiao-Yuan Chu Rui Wang Rui Wang The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Frontiers in Oncology exosomal non-coding RNAs hepatocellular carcinoma exosome extracellular vesicles diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic target |
| title | The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full | The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_short | The Potential Roles of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_sort | potential roles of exosomal non coding rnas in hepatocellular carcinoma |
| topic | exosomal non-coding RNAs hepatocellular carcinoma exosome extracellular vesicles diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic target |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.790916/full |
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