Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor
A new nondestructive inspection method, the magnetic hammer test (MHT), which uses a compact and highly sensitive tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor, is proposed. This method complements the magnetic flux leakage method and eliminates the issues of the hammer test. It can therefore detect weak ma...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1620 |
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| author | Jun Ito Yudai Igarashi Ryota Odagiri Shigetaka Suzuki Hiroshi Wagatsuma Kazuhiro Sugiyama Mikihiko Oogane |
| author_facet | Jun Ito Yudai Igarashi Ryota Odagiri Shigetaka Suzuki Hiroshi Wagatsuma Kazuhiro Sugiyama Mikihiko Oogane |
| author_sort | Jun Ito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new nondestructive inspection method, the magnetic hammer test (MHT), which uses a compact and highly sensitive tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor, is proposed. This method complements the magnetic flux leakage method and eliminates the issues of the hammer test. It can therefore detect weak magnetic fields generated by the natural vibration of a pipe with a high signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, several steel pipes with different wall thicknesses were measured using a TMR sensor to demonstrate the superiority of MHT. The results of the measurement show that wall thickness can be evaluated with the accuracy of several tens of microns from the change in the natural vibration frequency of the specimen pipe. The pipes were also inspected underwater using a waterproofed TMR sensor, which demonstrated an accuracy of less than 100 μm. The validity of these results was by simulating the shielding of magnetic fields and vibration of the pipes with the finite element method (FEM) analysis. The proposed noncontact, fast, and accurate method for thickness testing of long-distance pipes will contribute to unmanned, manpower-saving nondestructive testing (NDT) in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:19:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1034cafd1dc4b85a192ac1ace2cfade |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:19:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1034cafd1dc4b85a192ac1ace2cfade2024-03-12T16:55:25ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-03-01245162010.3390/s24051620Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive SensorJun Ito0Yudai Igarashi1Ryota Odagiri2Shigetaka Suzuki3Hiroshi Wagatsuma4Kazuhiro Sugiyama5Mikihiko Oogane6Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanDepartment of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanDepartment of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanFracture and Reliability Research Institute, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanSpin Sensing Factory Corporation, Research Center for Rare Metal and Green Innovation, 403 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0845, Miyagi, JapanDepartment of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanDepartment of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Miyagi, JapanA new nondestructive inspection method, the magnetic hammer test (MHT), which uses a compact and highly sensitive tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor, is proposed. This method complements the magnetic flux leakage method and eliminates the issues of the hammer test. It can therefore detect weak magnetic fields generated by the natural vibration of a pipe with a high signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, several steel pipes with different wall thicknesses were measured using a TMR sensor to demonstrate the superiority of MHT. The results of the measurement show that wall thickness can be evaluated with the accuracy of several tens of microns from the change in the natural vibration frequency of the specimen pipe. The pipes were also inspected underwater using a waterproofed TMR sensor, which demonstrated an accuracy of less than 100 μm. The validity of these results was by simulating the shielding of magnetic fields and vibration of the pipes with the finite element method (FEM) analysis. The proposed noncontact, fast, and accurate method for thickness testing of long-distance pipes will contribute to unmanned, manpower-saving nondestructive testing (NDT) in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1620nondestructive testingmagnetic hammer testingpipingpipelinetunnel magnetoresistive sensorstunnel magnetoresistance sensors |
| spellingShingle | Jun Ito Yudai Igarashi Ryota Odagiri Shigetaka Suzuki Hiroshi Wagatsuma Kazuhiro Sugiyama Mikihiko Oogane Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor Sensors nondestructive testing magnetic hammer testing piping pipeline tunnel magnetoresistive sensors tunnel magnetoresistance sensors |
| title | Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor |
| title_full | Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor |
| title_short | Evaluation of Pipe Thickness by Magnetic Hammer Test with a Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor |
| title_sort | evaluation of pipe thickness by magnetic hammer test with a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor |
| topic | nondestructive testing magnetic hammer testing piping pipeline tunnel magnetoresistive sensors tunnel magnetoresistance sensors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1620 |
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