Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication
Clock synchronization in the Mac layer plays a vital role in wireless sensor network communication that maintains time-based channel sharing and offers a uniform timeframe among different network nodes. Most wireless sensor networks are distributed where no common clock exists among them. Therefore,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Cybernetics and Information Technologies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/cait-2023-0004 |
| _version_ | 1797815450966425600 |
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| author | Hababeh Ismail Khalil Issa Al-Sayyed Rizik Moshref Mahmoud Nofal Samer Rodan Ali |
| author_facet | Hababeh Ismail Khalil Issa Al-Sayyed Rizik Moshref Mahmoud Nofal Samer Rodan Ali |
| author_sort | Hababeh Ismail |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Clock synchronization in the Mac layer plays a vital role in wireless sensor network communication that maintains time-based channel sharing and offers a uniform timeframe among different network nodes. Most wireless sensor networks are distributed where no common clock exists among them. Therefore, joint actions are realized by exchanging messages, with time stamps using local sensor clocks. These clocks can easily drift seconds and cause functional problems to the applications that depend on time synchronization. Time synchronization is a major and challenging factor in wireless sensor networks that needs to be studied and explored. In this paper, we propose integrated time synchronization protocols that serve wireless sensor network applications under normal, secured, and unreliable environments. The proposed protocols are discussed and evaluated based on their accuracy, cost, hierarchy, reliability, and security. Simulation results show that the proposed time synchronization protocols outperform the state-of-the-art techniques in achieving a minimum synchronization time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:22:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a104ffdee70b4f61947f2243e42d3762 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1314-4081 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:22:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cybernetics and Information Technologies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a104ffdee70b4f61947f2243e42d37622023-05-31T06:59:53ZengSciendoCybernetics and Information Technologies1314-40812023-03-01231759310.2478/cait-2023-0004Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure CommunicationHababeh Ismail0Khalil Issa1Al-Sayyed Rizik2Moshref Mahmoud3Nofal Samer4Rodan Ali51German Jordanian University, School of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Amman, Jordan2Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar3The University of Jordan, Department of Information Technology, King Abdullah II School for IT, Amman, Jordan4Palestine Technical University, Kadoorie, Computer Systems Engineering Department, Tulkarm, Palestine1German Jordanian University, School of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, Amman, Jordan3The University of Jordan, Department of Information Technology, King Abdullah II School for IT, Amman, JordanClock synchronization in the Mac layer plays a vital role in wireless sensor network communication that maintains time-based channel sharing and offers a uniform timeframe among different network nodes. Most wireless sensor networks are distributed where no common clock exists among them. Therefore, joint actions are realized by exchanging messages, with time stamps using local sensor clocks. These clocks can easily drift seconds and cause functional problems to the applications that depend on time synchronization. Time synchronization is a major and challenging factor in wireless sensor networks that needs to be studied and explored. In this paper, we propose integrated time synchronization protocols that serve wireless sensor network applications under normal, secured, and unreliable environments. The proposed protocols are discussed and evaluated based on their accuracy, cost, hierarchy, reliability, and security. Simulation results show that the proposed time synchronization protocols outperform the state-of-the-art techniques in achieving a minimum synchronization time.https://doi.org/10.2478/cait-2023-0004wireless sensor networktime synchronizationreliable synchronizationsecured synchronizationon-demand synchronization |
| spellingShingle | Hababeh Ismail Khalil Issa Al-Sayyed Rizik Moshref Mahmoud Nofal Samer Rodan Ali Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication Cybernetics and Information Technologies wireless sensor network time synchronization reliable synchronization secured synchronization on-demand synchronization |
| title | Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication |
| title_full | Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication |
| title_fullStr | Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication |
| title_short | Competent Time Synchronization Mac Protocols to Attain High Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks for Secure Communication |
| title_sort | competent time synchronization mac protocols to attain high performance of wireless sensor networks for secure communication |
| topic | wireless sensor network time synchronization reliable synchronization secured synchronization on-demand synchronization |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/cait-2023-0004 |
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