Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review
Objectives Clinician well-being has been recognised as an important pillar of healthcare. However, research mainly addresses mitigating the negative aspects of stress or burnout, rather than enabling positive aspects. With the added strain of a pandemic, identifying how best to maintain and support...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2021-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e046599.full |
| _version_ | 1826943739497545728 |
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| author | Nick Glozier Ian B Hickie Diana Naehrig Aaron Schokman Jessica Kate Hughes Ronald Epstein |
| author_facet | Nick Glozier Ian B Hickie Diana Naehrig Aaron Schokman Jessica Kate Hughes Ronald Epstein |
| author_sort | Nick Glozier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives Clinician well-being has been recognised as an important pillar of healthcare. However, research mainly addresses mitigating the negative aspects of stress or burnout, rather than enabling positive aspects. With the added strain of a pandemic, identifying how best to maintain and support the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners (GPs) is now more important than ever.Design Systematic review.Data sources We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus from 2000 to 2020.Study selection Intervention studies with more than 50% GPs in the sample evaluating self-reported well-being, satisfaction and related positive outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was applied.Results We retrieved 14 792 records, 94 studies underwent full-text review. We included 19 studies in total. Six randomised controlled trials, three non-randomised, controlled trials, eight non-controlled studies of individual or organisational interventions with a total of 1141 participants. There were two quasi-experimental articles evaluating health system policy change. Quantitative and qualitative positive outcomes were extracted and analysed. Individual mindfulness interventions were the most common (k=9) with medium to large within-group (0.37–1.05) and between-group (0.5–1.5) effect sizes for mindfulness outcomes, and small-to-medium effect sizes for other positive outcomes including resilience, compassion and empathy. Studies assessing other intervention foci or other positive outcomes (including well-being, satisfaction) were of limited size and quality.Conclusions There is remarkably little evidence on how to improve GPs well-being beyond using mindfulness interventions, particularly for interventions addressing organisational or system factors. This was further undermined by inconsistent reporting, and overall high risk of bias. We need to conduct research in this space with the same rigour with which we approach clinical intervention studies in patients.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020164699.Funding source Dr Diana Naehrig is funded through the Raymond Seidler PhD scholarship. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:29:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a106f658c5544a4f8cdb26926f8523a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-17T20:25:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-a106f658c5544a4f8cdb26926f8523a82024-12-09T12:50:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552021-08-0111810.1136/bmjopen-2020-046599Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic reviewNick Glozier0Ian B Hickie1Diana Naehrig2Aaron Schokman3Jessica Kate Hughes4Ronald Epstein5Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaYouth Mental Health and Technology Team, The University of Sydney Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentral Clinical School, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, AustraliaThe University of Sydney Library, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaFamily Medicine Research Programs, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USAObjectives Clinician well-being has been recognised as an important pillar of healthcare. However, research mainly addresses mitigating the negative aspects of stress or burnout, rather than enabling positive aspects. With the added strain of a pandemic, identifying how best to maintain and support the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners (GPs) is now more important than ever.Design Systematic review.Data sources We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus from 2000 to 2020.Study selection Intervention studies with more than 50% GPs in the sample evaluating self-reported well-being, satisfaction and related positive outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was applied.Results We retrieved 14 792 records, 94 studies underwent full-text review. We included 19 studies in total. Six randomised controlled trials, three non-randomised, controlled trials, eight non-controlled studies of individual or organisational interventions with a total of 1141 participants. There were two quasi-experimental articles evaluating health system policy change. Quantitative and qualitative positive outcomes were extracted and analysed. Individual mindfulness interventions were the most common (k=9) with medium to large within-group (0.37–1.05) and between-group (0.5–1.5) effect sizes for mindfulness outcomes, and small-to-medium effect sizes for other positive outcomes including resilience, compassion and empathy. Studies assessing other intervention foci or other positive outcomes (including well-being, satisfaction) were of limited size and quality.Conclusions There is remarkably little evidence on how to improve GPs well-being beyond using mindfulness interventions, particularly for interventions addressing organisational or system factors. This was further undermined by inconsistent reporting, and overall high risk of bias. We need to conduct research in this space with the same rigour with which we approach clinical intervention studies in patients.PROSPERO registration number CRD42020164699.Funding source Dr Diana Naehrig is funded through the Raymond Seidler PhD scholarship.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e046599.full |
| spellingShingle | Nick Glozier Ian B Hickie Diana Naehrig Aaron Schokman Jessica Kate Hughes Ronald Epstein Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review BMJ Open |
| title | Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review |
| title_full | Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review |
| title_short | Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners—a systematic review |
| title_sort | effect of interventions for the well being satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners a systematic review |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/8/e046599.full |
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