Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor
Graphene oxide is well known for its excellent fluorescence quenching ability. In this study, positively charged graphene oxide (pGO25000) was developed as a fluorescence quencher that is water-soluble and synthesized by grafting polyetherimide onto graphene oxide nanosheets by a carbodiimide reacti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6326 |
| _version_ | 1797492976577937408 |
|---|---|
| author | Ting Sun Xian Li Xiaochuan Jin Ziyi Wu Xiachao Chen Jieqiong Qiu |
| author_facet | Ting Sun Xian Li Xiaochuan Jin Ziyi Wu Xiachao Chen Jieqiong Qiu |
| author_sort | Ting Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Graphene oxide is well known for its excellent fluorescence quenching ability. In this study, positively charged graphene oxide (pGO25000) was developed as a fluorescence quencher that is water-soluble and synthesized by grafting polyetherimide onto graphene oxide nanosheets by a carbodiimide reaction. Compared to graphene oxide, the fluorescence quenching ability of pGO25000 is significantly improved by the increase in the affinity between pGO25000 and the DNA strand, which is introduced by the additional electrostatic interaction. The FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA probe can be almost completely quenched at concentrations of pGO25000 as low as 0.1 μg/mL. A simple and novel FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA sensor was designed for Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection to take advantage of exonuclease I-triggered single-stranded DNA hydrolysis, and pGO25000 acted as a fluorescence quencher. The FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA probe is present as a hairpin structure by the formation of T–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–T when Hg<sup>2+</sup> is present, and no fluorescence is observed. It is digested by exonuclease I without Hg<sup>2+</sup>, and fluorescence is recovered. The fluorescence intensity of the proposed biosensor was positively correlated with the Hg<sup>2+</sup> concentration in the range of 0–250 nM (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9955), with a seasonable limit of detection (3σ) cal. 3.93 nM. It was successfully applied to real samples of pond water for Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection, obtaining a recovery rate from 99.6% to 101.1%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a10888c8ff5e43089979d096e0a250d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a10888c8ff5e43089979d096e0a250d72023-11-23T14:13:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-06-012311632610.3390/ijms23116326Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted BiosensorTing Sun0Xian Li1Xiaochuan Jin2Ziyi Wu3Xiachao Chen4Jieqiong Qiu5College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSchool of Material Sciences & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaGraphene oxide is well known for its excellent fluorescence quenching ability. In this study, positively charged graphene oxide (pGO25000) was developed as a fluorescence quencher that is water-soluble and synthesized by grafting polyetherimide onto graphene oxide nanosheets by a carbodiimide reaction. Compared to graphene oxide, the fluorescence quenching ability of pGO25000 is significantly improved by the increase in the affinity between pGO25000 and the DNA strand, which is introduced by the additional electrostatic interaction. The FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA probe can be almost completely quenched at concentrations of pGO25000 as low as 0.1 μg/mL. A simple and novel FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA sensor was designed for Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection to take advantage of exonuclease I-triggered single-stranded DNA hydrolysis, and pGO25000 acted as a fluorescence quencher. The FAM-labeled single-stranded DNA probe is present as a hairpin structure by the formation of T–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–T when Hg<sup>2+</sup> is present, and no fluorescence is observed. It is digested by exonuclease I without Hg<sup>2+</sup>, and fluorescence is recovered. The fluorescence intensity of the proposed biosensor was positively correlated with the Hg<sup>2+</sup> concentration in the range of 0–250 nM (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9955), with a seasonable limit of detection (3σ) cal. 3.93 nM. It was successfully applied to real samples of pond water for Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection, obtaining a recovery rate from 99.6% to 101.1%.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6326positively charged graphene oxide (pGO)exonuclease Ifluorescence quencherhairpin structureT–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–T |
| spellingShingle | Ting Sun Xian Li Xiaochuan Jin Ziyi Wu Xiachao Chen Jieqiong Qiu Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor International Journal of Molecular Sciences positively charged graphene oxide (pGO) exonuclease I fluorescence quencher hairpin structure T–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–T |
| title | Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor |
| title_full | Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor |
| title_fullStr | Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor |
| title_short | Function of Graphene Oxide as the “Nanoquencher” for Hg<sup>2+</sup> Detection Using an Exonuclease I-Assisted Biosensor |
| title_sort | function of graphene oxide as the nanoquencher for hg sup 2 sup detection using an exonuclease i assisted biosensor |
| topic | positively charged graphene oxide (pGO) exonuclease I fluorescence quencher hairpin structure T–Hg<sup>2+</sup>–T |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6326 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tingsun functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor AT xianli functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor AT xiaochuanjin functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor AT ziyiwu functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor AT xiachaochen functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor AT jieqiongqiu functionofgrapheneoxideasthenanoquencherforhgsup2supdetectionusinganexonucleaseiassistedbiosensor |