Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola)
Springtails and mites are the dominant groups of terrestrial arthropods in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems. Their Antarctic diversity includes a limited number of species, which are frequently endemic to specific regions within the continent. Advances in molecular techniques, combined with the re-e...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/12/450 |
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| author | Antonio Carapelli Claudio Cucini Pietro Paolo Fanciulli Francesco Frati Peter Convey Francesco Nardi |
| author_facet | Antonio Carapelli Claudio Cucini Pietro Paolo Fanciulli Francesco Frati Peter Convey Francesco Nardi |
| author_sort | Antonio Carapelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Springtails and mites are the dominant groups of terrestrial arthropods in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems. Their Antarctic diversity includes a limited number of species, which are frequently endemic to specific regions within the continent. Advances in molecular techniques, combined with the re-evaluation of morphological characters and the availability of new samples, have recently led to the identification of a number of new springtail species within previously named, but ill-defined, species entities described in the last century. One such species, the neanurid <i>Friesea grisea</i>, originally described from sub-Antarctic South Georgia, was for many years considered to be the only known springtail with a pan-Antarctic distribution. With the recent availability of new morphological and molecular data, it has now been firmly established that the different representatives previously referred to this taxon from the Antarctic Peninsula and Victoria Land (continental Antarctica) should no longer be considered as representing one and the same species, and three clearly distinct taxa have been recognized: <i>F. antarctica</i>, <i>F. gretae</i> and <i>F. propria</i>. In this study, the relationships among these three species are further explored through the sequencing of the complete mtDNA for <i>F. gretae</i> and the use of complete mitogenomic as well as cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase I data. The data obtained provide further support that distinct species were originally hidden within the same taxon and that, despite the difficulties in obtaining reliable diagnostic morphological characters, <i>F. gretae</i> is genetically differentiated from <i>F. propria</i> (known to be present in different locations in Northern Victoria Land), as well as from <i>F. antarctica</i> (distributed in the Antarctic Peninsula). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:29:59Z |
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| issn | 1424-2818 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:29:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
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| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-a10cc4e143c84f038b7c9f56875627b12023-11-20T22:40:29ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182020-11-01121245010.3390/d12120450Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola)Antonio Carapelli0Claudio Cucini1Pietro Paolo Fanciulli2Francesco Frati3Peter Convey4Francesco Nardi5Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, ItalyBritish Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UKDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, ItalySpringtails and mites are the dominant groups of terrestrial arthropods in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems. Their Antarctic diversity includes a limited number of species, which are frequently endemic to specific regions within the continent. Advances in molecular techniques, combined with the re-evaluation of morphological characters and the availability of new samples, have recently led to the identification of a number of new springtail species within previously named, but ill-defined, species entities described in the last century. One such species, the neanurid <i>Friesea grisea</i>, originally described from sub-Antarctic South Georgia, was for many years considered to be the only known springtail with a pan-Antarctic distribution. With the recent availability of new morphological and molecular data, it has now been firmly established that the different representatives previously referred to this taxon from the Antarctic Peninsula and Victoria Land (continental Antarctica) should no longer be considered as representing one and the same species, and three clearly distinct taxa have been recognized: <i>F. antarctica</i>, <i>F. gretae</i> and <i>F. propria</i>. In this study, the relationships among these three species are further explored through the sequencing of the complete mtDNA for <i>F. gretae</i> and the use of complete mitogenomic as well as cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase I data. The data obtained provide further support that distinct species were originally hidden within the same taxon and that, despite the difficulties in obtaining reliable diagnostic morphological characters, <i>F. gretae</i> is genetically differentiated from <i>F. propria</i> (known to be present in different locations in Northern Victoria Land), as well as from <i>F. antarctica</i> (distributed in the Antarctic Peninsula).https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/12/450invertebrate biodiversitygenetic distancesmolecular clockphylogenymitogenomesAntarctic springtails |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Carapelli Claudio Cucini Pietro Paolo Fanciulli Francesco Frati Peter Convey Francesco Nardi Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) Diversity invertebrate biodiversity genetic distances molecular clock phylogeny mitogenomes Antarctic springtails |
| title | Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) |
| title_full | Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) |
| title_short | Molecular Comparison among Three Antarctic Endemic Springtail Species and Description of the Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Friesea gretae</i> (Hexapoda, Collembola) |
| title_sort | molecular comparison among three antarctic endemic springtail species and description of the mitochondrial genome of i friesea gretae i hexapoda collembola |
| topic | invertebrate biodiversity genetic distances molecular clock phylogeny mitogenomes Antarctic springtails |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/12/450 |
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