A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids
This study aims to show a theoretical and experimental approach to the analysis of hydrogen generation and its thermodynamic behavior in an in situ upgrading process of heavy crude oil using nanotechnology. Two nanoparticles of different chemical natures (ceria and alumina) were evaluated in asphalt...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1349 |
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| author | Oscar E. Medina Santiago Céspedes Richard D. Zabala Carlos A. Franco Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas Francisco Carrasco-Marín Sergio H. Lopera Farid B. Cortés Camilo A. Franco |
| author_facet | Oscar E. Medina Santiago Céspedes Richard D. Zabala Carlos A. Franco Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas Francisco Carrasco-Marín Sergio H. Lopera Farid B. Cortés Camilo A. Franco |
| author_sort | Oscar E. Medina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to show a theoretical and experimental approach to the analysis of hydrogen generation and its thermodynamic behavior in an in situ upgrading process of heavy crude oil using nanotechnology. Two nanoparticles of different chemical natures (ceria and alumina) were evaluated in asphaltene adsorption/decomposition under a steam atmosphere. Then, a nanofluid containing 500 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> of the best-performing nanoparticles on a light hydrocarbon was formulated and injected in a dispersed form in the steam stream during steam injection recovery tests of two Colombian heavy crude oils (HO1 and HO2). The nanoparticles increased the oil recovery by 27% and 39% for HO1 and HO2 regarding the steam injection. The oil recovery at the end of the displacement test was 85% and 91% for HO1 and HO2, respectively. The recovered crude oil showed an increment in API° gravity from 12.4° and 12.1° to 18.5° and 29.2° for HO1 and HO2, respectively. Other properties, such as viscosity and content of asphaltenes and resins with high molecular weight, were positively modified in both crude oils. The fugacity of H<sub>2</sub> was determined between the reservoir and overburden pressure and different temperatures, which were determined by the thermal profiles in the displacement test. The fugacity was calculated using the application of virial equations of state with mixing rules based on the possible intermolecular interactions between the components. Hydrogen acquired a higher chemical potential via nanoparticle presence. However, the difference in H<sub>2</sub> fugacity between both points is much higher with nanoparticles, which means that hydrogen presents a lower tendency to migrate by diffusion to the high-pressure point. The difference between HO1 and HO2 lies mainly in the fact that the pressure difference between the reservoir and the overburden pressure is greater in HO2; therefore, the difference in fugacity is greater when the pressure differential is greater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:26Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a11c5d34a5bd47708034d49f980edf8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:12:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-a11c5d34a5bd47708034d49f980edf8d2023-11-24T04:05:59ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-11-011211134910.3390/catal12111349A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based NanofluidsOscar E. Medina0Santiago Céspedes1Richard D. Zabala2Carlos A. Franco3Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas4Francisco Carrasco-Marín5Sergio H. Lopera6Farid B. Cortés7Camilo A. Franco8Grupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie—Michael Polanyi, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie—Michael Polanyi, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, ColombiaVicepresidencia Técnica de Desarrollo (VDE), Ecopetrol S.A., Bogotá 110311, ColombiaVicepresidencia Técnica de Desarrollo (VDE), Ecopetrol S.A., Bogotá 110311, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Materiales de Carbón, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, University of Granada (UEQ-UGR), 18071 Granada, SpainGrupo de Investigación en Materiales de Carbón, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, University of Granada (UEQ-UGR), 18071 Granada, SpainGrupo de Investigación en Yacimientos de Hidrocaburos, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie—Michael Polanyi, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, ColombiaGrupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie—Michael Polanyi, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, ColombiaThis study aims to show a theoretical and experimental approach to the analysis of hydrogen generation and its thermodynamic behavior in an in situ upgrading process of heavy crude oil using nanotechnology. Two nanoparticles of different chemical natures (ceria and alumina) were evaluated in asphaltene adsorption/decomposition under a steam atmosphere. Then, a nanofluid containing 500 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> of the best-performing nanoparticles on a light hydrocarbon was formulated and injected in a dispersed form in the steam stream during steam injection recovery tests of two Colombian heavy crude oils (HO1 and HO2). The nanoparticles increased the oil recovery by 27% and 39% for HO1 and HO2 regarding the steam injection. The oil recovery at the end of the displacement test was 85% and 91% for HO1 and HO2, respectively. The recovered crude oil showed an increment in API° gravity from 12.4° and 12.1° to 18.5° and 29.2° for HO1 and HO2, respectively. Other properties, such as viscosity and content of asphaltenes and resins with high molecular weight, were positively modified in both crude oils. The fugacity of H<sub>2</sub> was determined between the reservoir and overburden pressure and different temperatures, which were determined by the thermal profiles in the displacement test. The fugacity was calculated using the application of virial equations of state with mixing rules based on the possible intermolecular interactions between the components. Hydrogen acquired a higher chemical potential via nanoparticle presence. However, the difference in H<sub>2</sub> fugacity between both points is much higher with nanoparticles, which means that hydrogen presents a lower tendency to migrate by diffusion to the high-pressure point. The difference between HO1 and HO2 lies mainly in the fact that the pressure difference between the reservoir and the overburden pressure is greater in HO2; therefore, the difference in fugacity is greater when the pressure differential is greater.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1349hydrogenfugacitycrude oil upgradingnanoparticlessteam injection |
| spellingShingle | Oscar E. Medina Santiago Céspedes Richard D. Zabala Carlos A. Franco Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas Francisco Carrasco-Marín Sergio H. Lopera Farid B. Cortés Camilo A. Franco A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids Catalysts hydrogen fugacity crude oil upgrading nanoparticles steam injection |
| title | A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids |
| title_full | A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids |
| title_fullStr | A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids |
| title_short | A Theoretical and Experimental Approach to the Analysis of Hydrogen Generation and Thermodynamic Behavior in an In Situ Heavy Oil Upgrading Process Using Oil-Based Nanofluids |
| title_sort | theoretical and experimental approach to the analysis of hydrogen generation and thermodynamic behavior in an in situ heavy oil upgrading process using oil based nanofluids |
| topic | hydrogen fugacity crude oil upgrading nanoparticles steam injection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1349 |
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