Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model
Abstract Background Magnesium (Mg) released from Mg-based implants degradation is believed to be effective in improving osteogenesis, however, studies focusing on Mg-based interbody cages are limited and fusion success was never reported. As excessive Mg accumulation can inhibit new bone formation,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-018-2027-5 |
| _version_ | 1811300639936872448 |
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| author | Fan Zhang Haocheng Xu Hongli Wang Fang Geng Xiaosheng Ma Minghao Shao Shun Xu Feizhou Lu Jianyuan Jiang |
| author_facet | Fan Zhang Haocheng Xu Hongli Wang Fang Geng Xiaosheng Ma Minghao Shao Shun Xu Feizhou Lu Jianyuan Jiang |
| author_sort | Fan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Magnesium (Mg) released from Mg-based implants degradation is believed to be effective in improving osteogenesis, however, studies focusing on Mg-based interbody cages are limited and fusion success was never reported. As excessive Mg accumulation can inhibit new bone formation, this study is designed to explain the possible reasons for the fusion failure of Mg-based cages by analyzing the relationships between the intervertebral Mg accumulation and the resulting interbody fusion. Methods The experimental cage was consisted of magnesium alloy (AZ31) substrate and Silicon (Si) -containing coating. C3/C4 and C5/C6 of 24 goats were implanted with cage or autologous iliac crest bone graft (Control group), which were analyzed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks post-operatively. Intervertebral Mg concentrations, Mg-related Calcium (Ca)/ Phosphorus (P) ratios, radiological evaluations and histological findings were recorded for analyzing the relationships between the three of cage corrosion, Mg accumulation, and interbody fusion. Results Intervertebral Mg levels were significantly increased after cage implantation, especially in the areas that were closer to the cages at 3 weeks post-operatively, and these increased concentrations could persist up to 12 weeks post-operatively, indicating a relatively rapid corrosion process. Significantly lower Mg levels were only found at 24 weeks post-operatively, but these levels were still higher than those of the control group. In addition, Mg was found to be widely distributed at the intervertebral space since high Mg concentrations could even be detected at the posterior boundary of the vertebral body. Under this Mg accumulation profile, interbody fusion was not achieved, as indicated by the decreased Ca/P ratios, low CT fusion scores and negative histological results. Conclusions Intervertebral excessive Mg accumulation might be the primary reason for interbody fusion failure. Quantitative Mg analysis can offer insight into the association between cage degeneration and biological response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:54:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a12810aa88ad4a598631252f3f0f949c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2474 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:54:19Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-a12810aa88ad4a598631252f3f0f949c2022-12-22T02:57:18ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742018-04-011911810.1186/s12891-018-2027-5Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion modelFan Zhang0Haocheng Xu1Hongli Wang2Fang Geng3Xiaosheng Ma4Minghao Shao5Shun Xu6Feizhou Lu7Jianyuan Jiang8Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Research & Tech, Medtronic Greater China co., LTDDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityAbstract Background Magnesium (Mg) released from Mg-based implants degradation is believed to be effective in improving osteogenesis, however, studies focusing on Mg-based interbody cages are limited and fusion success was never reported. As excessive Mg accumulation can inhibit new bone formation, this study is designed to explain the possible reasons for the fusion failure of Mg-based cages by analyzing the relationships between the intervertebral Mg accumulation and the resulting interbody fusion. Methods The experimental cage was consisted of magnesium alloy (AZ31) substrate and Silicon (Si) -containing coating. C3/C4 and C5/C6 of 24 goats were implanted with cage or autologous iliac crest bone graft (Control group), which were analyzed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks post-operatively. Intervertebral Mg concentrations, Mg-related Calcium (Ca)/ Phosphorus (P) ratios, radiological evaluations and histological findings were recorded for analyzing the relationships between the three of cage corrosion, Mg accumulation, and interbody fusion. Results Intervertebral Mg levels were significantly increased after cage implantation, especially in the areas that were closer to the cages at 3 weeks post-operatively, and these increased concentrations could persist up to 12 weeks post-operatively, indicating a relatively rapid corrosion process. Significantly lower Mg levels were only found at 24 weeks post-operatively, but these levels were still higher than those of the control group. In addition, Mg was found to be widely distributed at the intervertebral space since high Mg concentrations could even be detected at the posterior boundary of the vertebral body. Under this Mg accumulation profile, interbody fusion was not achieved, as indicated by the decreased Ca/P ratios, low CT fusion scores and negative histological results. Conclusions Intervertebral excessive Mg accumulation might be the primary reason for interbody fusion failure. Quantitative Mg analysis can offer insight into the association between cage degeneration and biological response.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-018-2027-5MagnesiumInterbody cageDegradationQuantitative analysisHistological concentration |
| spellingShingle | Fan Zhang Haocheng Xu Hongli Wang Fang Geng Xiaosheng Ma Minghao Shao Shun Xu Feizhou Lu Jianyuan Jiang Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Magnesium Interbody cage Degradation Quantitative analysis Histological concentration |
| title | Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| title_full | Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| title_short | Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| title_sort | quantitative analysis of near implant magnesium accumulation for a si containing coated az31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model |
| topic | Magnesium Interbody cage Degradation Quantitative analysis Histological concentration |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-018-2027-5 |
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