Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines
Several studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity, which can be overcome by conjugating antigenic epitopes with built-in adjuvants (e.g., some carrier proteins or new biomaterials...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2019-01-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/6185.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797419101292855296 |
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| author | Yao Lei Furong Zhao Junjun Shao Yangfan Li Shifang Li Huiyun Chang Yongguang Zhang |
| author_facet | Yao Lei Furong Zhao Junjun Shao Yangfan Li Shifang Li Huiyun Chang Yongguang Zhang |
| author_sort | Yao Lei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity, which can be overcome by conjugating antigenic epitopes with built-in adjuvants (e.g., some carrier proteins or new biomaterials) with special properties, including immunologic specificity, good biosecurity and biocompatibility, and the ability to vastly improve the immune response of epitope vaccines. When designing epitope vaccines, the following types of built-in adjuvants are typically considered: (1) pattern recognition receptor ligands (i.e., toll-like receptors); (2) virus-like particle carrier platforms; (3) bacterial toxin proteins; and (4) novel potential delivery systems (e.g., self-assembled peptide nanoparticles, lipid core peptides, and polymeric or inorganic nanoparticles). This review primarily discusses the current and prospective applications of these built-in adjuvants (i.e., biological carriers) to provide some references for the future design of epitope-based vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:43:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a131755f778c4256a954898f1264f830 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:43:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-a131755f778c4256a954898f1264f8302023-12-03T10:43:17ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-01-016e618510.7717/peerj.6185Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccinesYao Lei0Furong Zhao1Junjun Shao2Yangfan Li3Shifang Li4Huiyun Chang5Yongguang Zhang6State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, ChinaSeveral studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity, which can be overcome by conjugating antigenic epitopes with built-in adjuvants (e.g., some carrier proteins or new biomaterials) with special properties, including immunologic specificity, good biosecurity and biocompatibility, and the ability to vastly improve the immune response of epitope vaccines. When designing epitope vaccines, the following types of built-in adjuvants are typically considered: (1) pattern recognition receptor ligands (i.e., toll-like receptors); (2) virus-like particle carrier platforms; (3) bacterial toxin proteins; and (4) novel potential delivery systems (e.g., self-assembled peptide nanoparticles, lipid core peptides, and polymeric or inorganic nanoparticles). This review primarily discusses the current and prospective applications of these built-in adjuvants (i.e., biological carriers) to provide some references for the future design of epitope-based vaccines.https://peerj.com/articles/6185.pdfBuilt-in adjuvantsEpitope-based vaccinesBiological carriersNanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Yao Lei Furong Zhao Junjun Shao Yangfan Li Shifang Li Huiyun Chang Yongguang Zhang Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines PeerJ Built-in adjuvants Epitope-based vaccines Biological carriers Nanoparticles |
| title | Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines |
| title_full | Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines |
| title_short | Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines |
| title_sort | application of built in adjuvants for epitope based vaccines |
| topic | Built-in adjuvants Epitope-based vaccines Biological carriers Nanoparticles |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/6185.pdf |
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