Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding
Hardfacing layers on mild steel substrates were successfully manufactured using a plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) process to combine tungsten carbide powder and binder metal. Three morphological types of tungsten carbide powder were employed: spherical, fused angular, and mixed powder. The eff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/2035 |
| _version_ | 1797502532159799296 |
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| author | Kwang-jin Lee DaeHan Kim |
| author_facet | Kwang-jin Lee DaeHan Kim |
| author_sort | Kwang-jin Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hardfacing layers on mild steel substrates were successfully manufactured using a plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) process to combine tungsten carbide powder and binder metal. Three morphological types of tungsten carbide powder were employed: spherical, fused angular, and mixed powder. The effects of both the morphology and the quantity of tungsten carbide powder on the wear property of the products were determined using a dry sand wheel abrasion test. The results revealed that two conditions effectively increased the wear resistance of the hardfacing layers: the use of spherical tungsten carbide and the use of an increased quantity of tungsten carbide. Moreover, the formation of an interfacial layer of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) between the tungsten carbide and binder metal, and the relationship between the microstructure of the IMC layer and its wear property were also investigated. It was confirmed that, in general, preferential wear occurs in the binder metal region. It was also unveiled that the wear property improves when interfacial IMC bands are formed and grown to appropriate width. To obtain a sound layer more resistant to wear, the PTAW conditions should be adequately controlled. In particular, these include the process peak temperature and the cooling rate, which affect the formation of the microstructure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:34:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a13d2a31ea9845528df6b262e2fae69a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:34:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-a13d2a31ea9845528df6b262e2fae69a2023-11-23T09:34:34ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-12-011112203510.3390/met11122035Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc WeldingKwang-jin Lee0DaeHan Kim1Carbon & Light Materials Application R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jeonju-si 54853, KoreaCarbon & Light Materials Application R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jeonju-si 54853, KoreaHardfacing layers on mild steel substrates were successfully manufactured using a plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW) process to combine tungsten carbide powder and binder metal. Three morphological types of tungsten carbide powder were employed: spherical, fused angular, and mixed powder. The effects of both the morphology and the quantity of tungsten carbide powder on the wear property of the products were determined using a dry sand wheel abrasion test. The results revealed that two conditions effectively increased the wear resistance of the hardfacing layers: the use of spherical tungsten carbide and the use of an increased quantity of tungsten carbide. Moreover, the formation of an interfacial layer of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) between the tungsten carbide and binder metal, and the relationship between the microstructure of the IMC layer and its wear property were also investigated. It was confirmed that, in general, preferential wear occurs in the binder metal region. It was also unveiled that the wear property improves when interfacial IMC bands are formed and grown to appropriate width. To obtain a sound layer more resistant to wear, the PTAW conditions should be adequately controlled. In particular, these include the process peak temperature and the cooling rate, which affect the formation of the microstructure.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/2035plasma transferred arc weldinghardfacingwearmicrostructureIMC |
| spellingShingle | Kwang-jin Lee DaeHan Kim Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding Metals plasma transferred arc welding hardfacing wear microstructure IMC |
| title | Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding |
| title_full | Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding |
| title_short | Effect of Tungsten Carbide Morphology, Quantity, and Microstructure on Wear of a Hardfacing Layer Manufactured by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding |
| title_sort | effect of tungsten carbide morphology quantity and microstructure on wear of a hardfacing layer manufactured by plasma transferred arc welding |
| topic | plasma transferred arc welding hardfacing wear microstructure IMC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/2035 |
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