New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian
Molecular clock estimates suggest the origin of Annelida dates back to the Ediacaran period, which is in discordance with the first appearance of this taxon in the early Cambrian, as evidenced by the fossil records of stem-group and basally branching crown-group annelids. Using new material from the...
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The Royal Society
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Royal Society Open Science |
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| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231580 |
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| author | Xiaoyu Yang M. Teresa Aguado Conrad Helm Zhiqian Zhang Christoph Bleidorn |
| author_facet | Xiaoyu Yang M. Teresa Aguado Conrad Helm Zhiqian Zhang Christoph Bleidorn |
| author_sort | Xiaoyu Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molecular clock estimates suggest the origin of Annelida dates back to the Ediacaran period, which is in discordance with the first appearance of this taxon in the early Cambrian, as evidenced by the fossil records of stem-group and basally branching crown-group annelids. Using new material from the early Cambrian Guanshan biota (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4), we re-interpret Gaoloufangchaeta bifurcus Zhao, Li & Selden, 2023, as the earliest known errantian annelid. Gaoloufangchaeta has a prominent anterior end bearing three pairs of putatively sensory appendages and a pair of anterior eyes; a muscular eversible pharynx with papillae is identified. The presence of enlarged parapodia with acicula-like structures and long capillary chaetae suggests a pelagic lifestyle for this taxon. Our phylogenetic analyses recover Gaoloufangchaeta within the Phyllodocida (Pleistoannelida, Errantia), extending the origin of Errantia back to the early Cambrian. Our data are in line with the hypothesis that Annelida diverged before the Cambrian and indicate both morphological and ecological diversification of annelids in the early Cambrian. |
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| id | doaj.art-a15d26198beb4afebd5199ba7af9d03a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2054-5703 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:34:21Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a15d26198beb4afebd5199ba7af9d03a2024-04-10T07:05:34ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032024-04-0111410.1098/rsos.231580New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early CambrianXiaoyu Yang0M. Teresa Aguado1Conrad Helm2Zhiqian Zhang3Christoph Bleidorn4Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Institute of Palaeontology, Yunnan University , Kunming 650500, People's Republic of ChinaAnimal Evolution and Biodiversity, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Göttingen 37073, GermanyAnimal Evolution and Biodiversity, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Göttingen 37073, GermanySchool of Fine Arts, Yunnan Normal University , Kunming 650500, People's Republic of ChinaAnimal Evolution and Biodiversity, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Göttingen 37073, GermanyMolecular clock estimates suggest the origin of Annelida dates back to the Ediacaran period, which is in discordance with the first appearance of this taxon in the early Cambrian, as evidenced by the fossil records of stem-group and basally branching crown-group annelids. Using new material from the early Cambrian Guanshan biota (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4), we re-interpret Gaoloufangchaeta bifurcus Zhao, Li & Selden, 2023, as the earliest known errantian annelid. Gaoloufangchaeta has a prominent anterior end bearing three pairs of putatively sensory appendages and a pair of anterior eyes; a muscular eversible pharynx with papillae is identified. The presence of enlarged parapodia with acicula-like structures and long capillary chaetae suggests a pelagic lifestyle for this taxon. Our phylogenetic analyses recover Gaoloufangchaeta within the Phyllodocida (Pleistoannelida, Errantia), extending the origin of Errantia back to the early Cambrian. Our data are in line with the hypothesis that Annelida diverged before the Cambrian and indicate both morphological and ecological diversification of annelids in the early Cambrian.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231580Guanshan biotaErrantiacrown annelidspalaeoecologyearly Cambrian |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyu Yang M. Teresa Aguado Conrad Helm Zhiqian Zhang Christoph Bleidorn New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian Royal Society Open Science Guanshan biota Errantia crown annelids palaeoecology early Cambrian |
| title | New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian |
| title_full | New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian |
| title_fullStr | New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian |
| title_full_unstemmed | New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian |
| title_short | New fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of Errantia (Annelida) to the early Cambrian |
| title_sort | new fossil of gaoloufangchaeta advances the origin of errantia annelida to the early cambrian |
| topic | Guanshan biota Errantia crown annelids palaeoecology early Cambrian |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231580 |
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