Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential
The Chang 7 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is considered to hold the main source rocks for conventional and unconventional oil and gas. The lamination or lithology alteration in vertical and lateral directions, even over a short distance, is a common feature in la...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/20/7815 |
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| author | Lewei Hao Xiaofeng Ma Wenqiang Gao Zhaocai Ren Huifei Tao Weikai Huang |
| author_facet | Lewei Hao Xiaofeng Ma Wenqiang Gao Zhaocai Ren Huifei Tao Weikai Huang |
| author_sort | Lewei Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Chang 7 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is considered to hold the main source rocks for conventional and unconventional oil and gas. The lamination or lithology alteration in vertical and lateral directions, even over a short distance, is a common feature in lacustrine source rocks. The differences in the geochemical characteristics of black shales, dark mudstones and interbedded sandstones have been scarcely reported, and their influences on the petroleum generation potential and shale oil potential are not clear. To this end, 22 core samples were collected from the Lower and Middle Chang 7 (C7-3 and C7-2) members of the Triassic from well CYX in the Qingcheng area. By conducting a series of geochemical analyses including TOC, Rock-Eval pyrolysis yields, bitumen extraction and quantification, and the separation and quantification of saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes, along with biomarker analyses, several results were found. Firstly, the C7-3 and C7-2 source rocks are thermally mature and have entered into the stage of hydrocarbon generation. The C7-3 and C7-2 source rocks have a good to very good hydrocarbon generation potential especially the C7-3 black shales. Secondly, terrigenous source input is more abundant in C7-2, whereas the source input of phytoplankton, algae or microbial lipids is more abundant in C7-3. Moreover, a high TOC content basically corresponds to low wax indexes, terrigenous/aquatic ratios (TARs), and Pr/nC<sub>17</sub> and Ph/nC<sub>18</sub> ratios and high C<sub>27</sub>/C<sub>29</sub> regular sterane ratios, which suggests that the source input of phytoplankton, algae or microbial lipids is favorable for OM accumulation. Third, analyses of the molecular composition of saturated fractions in shales and interbedded sandstones and the production index demonstrate the migration of petroleum from organic-rich source rocks to their organic-lean counterparts. The C7-2 dark mudstones could be considered as a potential “sweet spot” since their oil saturation index (OSI) was the highest among all the studied samples and they are more enriched in light aliphatic fractions. |
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| id | doaj.art-a174b2e5849e445a968087a84b2d7663 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:15:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a174b2e5849e445a968087a84b2d76632023-11-24T00:01:32ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-10-011520781510.3390/en15207815Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil PotentialLewei Hao0Xiaofeng Ma1Wenqiang Gao2Zhaocai Ren3Huifei Tao4Weikai Huang5Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, ChinaExploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, ChinaKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, ChinaThe Chang 7 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin is considered to hold the main source rocks for conventional and unconventional oil and gas. The lamination or lithology alteration in vertical and lateral directions, even over a short distance, is a common feature in lacustrine source rocks. The differences in the geochemical characteristics of black shales, dark mudstones and interbedded sandstones have been scarcely reported, and their influences on the petroleum generation potential and shale oil potential are not clear. To this end, 22 core samples were collected from the Lower and Middle Chang 7 (C7-3 and C7-2) members of the Triassic from well CYX in the Qingcheng area. By conducting a series of geochemical analyses including TOC, Rock-Eval pyrolysis yields, bitumen extraction and quantification, and the separation and quantification of saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes, along with biomarker analyses, several results were found. Firstly, the C7-3 and C7-2 source rocks are thermally mature and have entered into the stage of hydrocarbon generation. The C7-3 and C7-2 source rocks have a good to very good hydrocarbon generation potential especially the C7-3 black shales. Secondly, terrigenous source input is more abundant in C7-2, whereas the source input of phytoplankton, algae or microbial lipids is more abundant in C7-3. Moreover, a high TOC content basically corresponds to low wax indexes, terrigenous/aquatic ratios (TARs), and Pr/nC<sub>17</sub> and Ph/nC<sub>18</sub> ratios and high C<sub>27</sub>/C<sub>29</sub> regular sterane ratios, which suggests that the source input of phytoplankton, algae or microbial lipids is favorable for OM accumulation. Third, analyses of the molecular composition of saturated fractions in shales and interbedded sandstones and the production index demonstrate the migration of petroleum from organic-rich source rocks to their organic-lean counterparts. The C7-2 dark mudstones could be considered as a potential “sweet spot” since their oil saturation index (OSI) was the highest among all the studied samples and they are more enriched in light aliphatic fractions.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/20/7815source rocksorganic matter accumulationshale oil potentialYanchang FormationOrdos Basin |
| spellingShingle | Lewei Hao Xiaofeng Ma Wenqiang Gao Zhaocai Ren Huifei Tao Weikai Huang Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential Energies source rocks organic matter accumulation shale oil potential Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin |
| title | Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential |
| title_full | Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential |
| title_fullStr | Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential |
| title_short | Geochemical Characteristics of the Chang 7 Source Rocks of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Organic Matter Accumulation and Shale Oil Potential |
| title_sort | geochemical characteristics of the chang 7 source rocks of the triassic yanchang formation in ordos basin china implications for organic matter accumulation and shale oil potential |
| topic | source rocks organic matter accumulation shale oil potential Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/20/7815 |
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