YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance
Malignant melanoma, with its increasing incidence and high potential to form metastases, is one of the most aggressive types of skin malignancies responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide. However, melanoma also demonstrates a high potential for induction of a specific adaptive anti-t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.856963/full |
| _version_ | 1828552537845792768 |
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| author | Dominika Kwiatkowska Ewelina Mazur Adam Reich |
| author_facet | Dominika Kwiatkowska Ewelina Mazur Adam Reich |
| author_sort | Dominika Kwiatkowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malignant melanoma, with its increasing incidence and high potential to form metastases, is one of the most aggressive types of skin malignancies responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide. However, melanoma also demonstrates a high potential for induction of a specific adaptive anti-tumor immune response being one of the most immunogenic malignancies. Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor is essential to numerous cellular processes and the regulation of transcriptional and posttranslational modifications of various genes. It regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) by binding to its promoters, as well as suppresses both Fas and TRAIL by negatively regulating DR5 transcription and expression and interaction with the silencer region of the Fas promoter, rendering cells resistant to apoptosis. Moreover, YY1 is considered a master regulator in various stages of embryogenesis, especially in neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) survival and proliferation as it acts as transcriptional repressor on cancer stem cells-related transcription factors. In addition, YY1 increases the metastatic potential of melanoma through negative regulation of microRNA-9 (miR-9) expression, acts as a cofactor of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and contributes to autophagy regulation, mainly due to increased transcription of genes related to autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. Therefore, focusing on the detailed biology and administration of therapies that directly target YY1 or crosstalk pathways in malignant melanoma could facilitate the development of new and more effective treatment strategies and improve patients’ outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:03:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a184a61f7d314baeaf40be08b1a0e92c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:03:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a184a61f7d314baeaf40be08b1a0e92c2022-12-22T00:37:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2022-06-011210.3389/fonc.2022.856963856963YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment ResistanceDominika KwiatkowskaEwelina MazurAdam ReichMalignant melanoma, with its increasing incidence and high potential to form metastases, is one of the most aggressive types of skin malignancies responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide. However, melanoma also demonstrates a high potential for induction of a specific adaptive anti-tumor immune response being one of the most immunogenic malignancies. Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor is essential to numerous cellular processes and the regulation of transcriptional and posttranslational modifications of various genes. It regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) by binding to its promoters, as well as suppresses both Fas and TRAIL by negatively regulating DR5 transcription and expression and interaction with the silencer region of the Fas promoter, rendering cells resistant to apoptosis. Moreover, YY1 is considered a master regulator in various stages of embryogenesis, especially in neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) survival and proliferation as it acts as transcriptional repressor on cancer stem cells-related transcription factors. In addition, YY1 increases the metastatic potential of melanoma through negative regulation of microRNA-9 (miR-9) expression, acts as a cofactor of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and contributes to autophagy regulation, mainly due to increased transcription of genes related to autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. Therefore, focusing on the detailed biology and administration of therapies that directly target YY1 or crosstalk pathways in malignant melanoma could facilitate the development of new and more effective treatment strategies and improve patients’ outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.856963/fullmalignant melanomaimmunotherapytreatment resistanceYY1PD1 |
| spellingShingle | Dominika Kwiatkowska Ewelina Mazur Adam Reich YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance Frontiers in Oncology malignant melanoma immunotherapy treatment resistance YY1 PD1 |
| title | YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance |
| title_full | YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance |
| title_fullStr | YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance |
| title_short | YY1 Is a Key Player in Melanoma Immunotherapy/Targeted Treatment Resistance |
| title_sort | yy1 is a key player in melanoma immunotherapy targeted treatment resistance |
| topic | malignant melanoma immunotherapy treatment resistance YY1 PD1 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.856963/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dominikakwiatkowska yy1isakeyplayerinmelanomaimmunotherapytargetedtreatmentresistance AT ewelinamazur yy1isakeyplayerinmelanomaimmunotherapytargetedtreatmentresistance AT adamreich yy1isakeyplayerinmelanomaimmunotherapytargetedtreatmentresistance |