Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats
This study aims to explore the antioxidant, immune, and enzyme metabolism aspects in goats experiencing subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Furthermore, we seek to elucidate the relationship between the symbiotic microbiota of goats and their metabolic function. Sixteen goats were equally divided into...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/263 |
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| author | Siqin Fan Mengli Zheng Ao Ren Hongxiang Mao Donglei Long Lingyuan Yang |
| author_facet | Siqin Fan Mengli Zheng Ao Ren Hongxiang Mao Donglei Long Lingyuan Yang |
| author_sort | Siqin Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to explore the antioxidant, immune, and enzyme metabolism aspects in goats experiencing subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Furthermore, we seek to elucidate the relationship between the symbiotic microbiota of goats and their metabolic function. Sixteen goats were equally divided into two groups and fed a normal-concentrate diet (NC, 55% concentrate) or a high-concentrate diet (HC, 90% concentrate) for five weeks. We found that the HC diet reduced the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (<i>p</i> = 0.015), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (<i>p</i> = 0.002) concentration of goats. Simultaneously, the HC diet significantly increased the concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and amylase (AMY) in the blood and rumen fluid of goats (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Microbial analysis in the rumen of goats revealed that the HC diet decreased bacterial richness and diversity, as evidenced by the changed observed species, Chao 1, PD whole tree and Shannon when compared to the NC diet (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The proportion of Proteobacteria increased while that of Spirochaetes and Fibrobacteres significantly decreased with the HC diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 in rumen was notably decreased when a diet was switched from 55% concentrate diet to 90% concentrate diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, microbial functional potentials deduced that the HC diet significantly increased the abundance of the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) (ko00020) associated with carbohydrate metabolism (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Furthermore, the HC diet significantly increased the glutathione metabolism (ko00480) associated with the metabolism of other amino acids (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Our findings suggested that SARA reduced the total antioxidant capacity and increased levels of inflammatory factors in goats, as well as decreased rumen bacterial species and abundance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:07:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1853b69871e4804a0049a5f23e8d698 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:07:28Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a1853b69871e4804a0049a5f23e8d6982024-01-26T14:32:27ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-01-0114226310.3390/ani14020263Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in GoatsSiqin Fan0Mengli Zheng1Ao Ren2Hongxiang Mao3Donglei Long4Lingyuan Yang5College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaThis study aims to explore the antioxidant, immune, and enzyme metabolism aspects in goats experiencing subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Furthermore, we seek to elucidate the relationship between the symbiotic microbiota of goats and their metabolic function. Sixteen goats were equally divided into two groups and fed a normal-concentrate diet (NC, 55% concentrate) or a high-concentrate diet (HC, 90% concentrate) for five weeks. We found that the HC diet reduced the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (<i>p</i> = 0.015), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (<i>p</i> = 0.002) concentration of goats. Simultaneously, the HC diet significantly increased the concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and amylase (AMY) in the blood and rumen fluid of goats (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Microbial analysis in the rumen of goats revealed that the HC diet decreased bacterial richness and diversity, as evidenced by the changed observed species, Chao 1, PD whole tree and Shannon when compared to the NC diet (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The proportion of Proteobacteria increased while that of Spirochaetes and Fibrobacteres significantly decreased with the HC diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 in rumen was notably decreased when a diet was switched from 55% concentrate diet to 90% concentrate diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, microbial functional potentials deduced that the HC diet significantly increased the abundance of the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) (ko00020) associated with carbohydrate metabolism (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Furthermore, the HC diet significantly increased the glutathione metabolism (ko00480) associated with the metabolism of other amino acids (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Our findings suggested that SARA reduced the total antioxidant capacity and increased levels of inflammatory factors in goats, as well as decreased rumen bacterial species and abundance.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/263goathigh concentrateSARAimmunityrumenmicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Siqin Fan Mengli Zheng Ao Ren Hongxiang Mao Donglei Long Lingyuan Yang Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats Animals goat high concentrate SARA immunity rumen microbiota |
| title | Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats |
| title_full | Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats |
| title_fullStr | Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats |
| title_short | Effects of High-Concentrate-Induced SARA on Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Levels and Rumen Microbiota and Function in Goats |
| title_sort | effects of high concentrate induced sara on antioxidant capacity immune levels and rumen microbiota and function in goats |
| topic | goat high concentrate SARA immunity rumen microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/2/263 |
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