Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. ADHD leads to significant impairment in overall functioning of the child. There is limited information concerning the clinical scenario of ADHD within Nepal. The study aims to determi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nepal Medical Association
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nepal Medical Association |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8539 |
| _version_ | 1797215777231732736 |
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| author | Utkarsh Karki Supriya Sherchan Anil Sharma Amit Jha |
| author_facet | Utkarsh Karki Supriya Sherchan Anil Sharma Amit Jha |
| author_sort | Utkarsh Karki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. ADHD leads to significant impairment in overall functioning of the child. There is limited information concerning the clinical scenario of ADHD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinico-demographic profile and pattern of medication use in the treatment of ADHD.
Methods: This study retrospectively examines the records of children diagnosed with ADHD at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital (KCH), Nepal. Approval for the study was granted by KCH's Institutional Review Board. The analysis focused on data extracted from hospital records of ADHD patients spanning from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2023 encompassing two and a half years.
Results: A total of 585 children were diagnosed with ADHD, with a mean age 7±3.04 years. The majority 501 (85.64%) were male, and 377 (64.44%) were from the school going age group (6 to 11 years). The prevalent psychiatric comorbidities included Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at 102 (17.43%), Intellectual Disability (ID) at 93(15.89%), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) at 36 (6.15%). The commonly used medication was Clonidine 165 (28.20%) followed by Atomoxetine 154 (26.32%) and Risperidone 65 (11.11%).
Conclusions: The study indicates that ADHD is highly prevalent in Nepal. Comorbidities like ASD and ID are frequently seen which further necessitates the need for structured assessments and multidisciplinary approaches to address ADHD. In our context with limited treatment options, the management of ADHD is extremely challenging.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:35:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a18700d412b14238ac11fe26539c1b9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0028-2715 1815-672X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:35:27Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Nepal Medical Association |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nepal Medical Association |
| spelling | doaj.art-a18700d412b14238ac11fe26539c1b9b2024-04-10T06:24:39ZengNepal Medical AssociationJournal of Nepal Medical Association0028-27151815-672X2024-03-016227210.31729/jnma.8539Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional StudyUtkarsh Karki0Supriya Sherchan1Anil Sharma2Amit Jha3Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Maharjgunj, Kathmandu, NepalChild and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Maharjgunj, Kathmandu, NepalChild and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Maharjgunj, Kathmandu, NepalChild and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Maharjgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. ADHD leads to significant impairment in overall functioning of the child. There is limited information concerning the clinical scenario of ADHD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinico-demographic profile and pattern of medication use in the treatment of ADHD. Methods: This study retrospectively examines the records of children diagnosed with ADHD at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital (KCH), Nepal. Approval for the study was granted by KCH's Institutional Review Board. The analysis focused on data extracted from hospital records of ADHD patients spanning from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2023 encompassing two and a half years. Results: A total of 585 children were diagnosed with ADHD, with a mean age 7±3.04 years. The majority 501 (85.64%) were male, and 377 (64.44%) were from the school going age group (6 to 11 years). The prevalent psychiatric comorbidities included Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at 102 (17.43%), Intellectual Disability (ID) at 93(15.89%), and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) at 36 (6.15%). The commonly used medication was Clonidine 165 (28.20%) followed by Atomoxetine 154 (26.32%) and Risperidone 65 (11.11%). Conclusions: The study indicates that ADHD is highly prevalent in Nepal. Comorbidities like ASD and ID are frequently seen which further necessitates the need for structured assessments and multidisciplinary approaches to address ADHD. In our context with limited treatment options, the management of ADHD is extremely challenging. https://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8539ADHD; adolescents; children; comorbidity; medication |
| spellingShingle | Utkarsh Karki Supriya Sherchan Anil Sharma Amit Jha Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study Journal of Nepal Medical Association ADHD; adolescents; children; comorbidity; medication |
| title | Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Clinico-Demographic Profile of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Presenting to a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | clinico demographic profile of children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder presenting to a tertiary care centre a descriptive cross sectional study |
| topic | ADHD; adolescents; children; comorbidity; medication |
| url | https://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8539 |
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