Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics
Introduction: The adverse effects of clinically used anti-cancer medication and the rise in resistive micro-organisms have limited therapeutic options. Multiple anti-cancer drugs are derived from medicinal herbs which also have shown anti-bacterial effects. This study aimed to identify the optimal e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S131901642300289X |
| _version_ | 1797632714473472000 |
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| author | Sahar S. Alghamdi Raghad A. Alshafi Sarah Huwaizi Rasha S. Suliman Afrah E. Mohammed Zeyad I. Alehaideb Allulu Y. Alturki Sara A. Alghashem Ishrat Rahman |
| author_facet | Sahar S. Alghamdi Raghad A. Alshafi Sarah Huwaizi Rasha S. Suliman Afrah E. Mohammed Zeyad I. Alehaideb Allulu Y. Alturki Sara A. Alghashem Ishrat Rahman |
| author_sort | Sahar S. Alghamdi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The adverse effects of clinically used anti-cancer medication and the rise in resistive micro-organisms have limited therapeutic options. Multiple anti-cancer drugs are derived from medicinal herbs which also have shown anti-bacterial effects. This study aimed to identify the optimal extraction solvent for detecting the cytotoxic and anti-bacterial effects of Calligonum comosum (C. Comosum) and Rumex vesicarius (R. Vesicarius) extracts. Additionally, the study aimed to identify active metabolites and assess their potential as future drug candidates for anti-cancer and anti-bacterial therapeutics. Methods: Leaves from both plants were extracted using ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and water. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts were tested on liver, colon, and breast cancer cell lines. Apoptosis was assessed using High Content Imaging (HCI) and the ApoTox triplex Glo assay. The anti-bacterial effects were determined using agar-well diffusion. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to tentatively identify the secondary metabolites. In silico computational studies were conducted to determine the metabolites' mode of action, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties. Results: The ethanolic extract of C. Comosum exhibited potent cytotoxicity on breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 54.97 μg/mL and 58 μg/mL for KAIMRC2 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. It also induced apoptosis in colon and breast cancer cell lines. All tested extracts of C. Comosum and R. Vesicarius demonstrated anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Seven active metabolites were identified, one of which is Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside, which showed strong (predicted) anti-cancer activity. Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside and Quercetin-3-O-Glucuronide also exhibited potential anti-bacterial effects on gram-positive and negative bacteria. Conclusion: Ethanol extraction of C. Comosum solubilizes active metabolites with potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment and bacterial infections. Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside, in particular, shows promise as a dual therapeutic drug candidate for further research and development to improve its efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic profile. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:41:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1877a1c5f1f4cf89ecdb13d31944bd8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1319-0164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:41:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1877a1c5f1f4cf89ecdb13d31944bd82023-11-10T04:16:02ZengElsevierSaudi Pharmaceutical Journal1319-01642023-11-013111101794Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial TherapeuticsSahar S. Alghamdi0Raghad A. Alshafi1Sarah Huwaizi2Rasha S. Suliman3Afrah E. Mohammed4Zeyad I. Alehaideb5Allulu Y. Alturki6Sara A. Alghashem7Ishrat Rahman8College of Pharmacy (COP), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author at: College of Pharmacy (COP), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.College of Pharmacy (COP), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMedical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaPharmacy Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences (FCHS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), P.O. Box 16 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaMedical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy (COP), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy (COP), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaIntroduction: The adverse effects of clinically used anti-cancer medication and the rise in resistive micro-organisms have limited therapeutic options. Multiple anti-cancer drugs are derived from medicinal herbs which also have shown anti-bacterial effects. This study aimed to identify the optimal extraction solvent for detecting the cytotoxic and anti-bacterial effects of Calligonum comosum (C. Comosum) and Rumex vesicarius (R. Vesicarius) extracts. Additionally, the study aimed to identify active metabolites and assess their potential as future drug candidates for anti-cancer and anti-bacterial therapeutics. Methods: Leaves from both plants were extracted using ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and water. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts were tested on liver, colon, and breast cancer cell lines. Apoptosis was assessed using High Content Imaging (HCI) and the ApoTox triplex Glo assay. The anti-bacterial effects were determined using agar-well diffusion. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to tentatively identify the secondary metabolites. In silico computational studies were conducted to determine the metabolites' mode of action, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties. Results: The ethanolic extract of C. Comosum exhibited potent cytotoxicity on breast cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 54.97 μg/mL and 58 μg/mL for KAIMRC2 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. It also induced apoptosis in colon and breast cancer cell lines. All tested extracts of C. Comosum and R. Vesicarius demonstrated anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Seven active metabolites were identified, one of which is Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside, which showed strong (predicted) anti-cancer activity. Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside and Quercetin-3-O-Glucuronide also exhibited potential anti-bacterial effects on gram-positive and negative bacteria. Conclusion: Ethanol extraction of C. Comosum solubilizes active metabolites with potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment and bacterial infections. Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside-7-O-Rhamnoside, in particular, shows promise as a dual therapeutic drug candidate for further research and development to improve its efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic profile.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S131901642300289XCalligonum comosumRumex vesicariusAnti-cancerAnti-bacterialIn silico |
| spellingShingle | Sahar S. Alghamdi Raghad A. Alshafi Sarah Huwaizi Rasha S. Suliman Afrah E. Mohammed Zeyad I. Alehaideb Allulu Y. Alturki Sara A. Alghashem Ishrat Rahman Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal Calligonum comosum Rumex vesicarius Anti-cancer Anti-bacterial In silico |
| title | Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics |
| title_full | Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics |
| title_fullStr | Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics |
| title_short | Exploring in vitro and in silico Biological Activities of Calligonum Comosum and Rumex Vesicarius: Implications on Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutics |
| title_sort | exploring in vitro and in silico biological activities of calligonum comosum and rumex vesicarius implications on anticancer and antibacterial therapeutics |
| topic | Calligonum comosum Rumex vesicarius Anti-cancer Anti-bacterial In silico |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S131901642300289X |
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