Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China
PurposeThe aim of this study was to characterize the temporal and spatial distribution of myopia among students aged 7–18 years, by analyzing the aggregation area and providing the basis for the prevention and control of myopia in China.MethodsA database for the spatial analysis of myopia in China d...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.896926/full |
| _version_ | 1811215313022222336 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Lin Leng Lin Leng Lin Leng Zhen Guo Zhen Guo Zhen Guo |
| author_facet | Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Lin Leng Lin Leng Lin Leng Zhen Guo Zhen Guo Zhen Guo |
| author_sort | Xiujing Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeThe aim of this study was to characterize the temporal and spatial distribution of myopia among students aged 7–18 years, by analyzing the aggregation area and providing the basis for the prevention and control of myopia in China.MethodsA database for the spatial analysis of myopia in China during 1995–2014 was established using ArcGIS10.0 software as a platform for data management and presentation. A spatial autocorrelation analysis of myopia was undertaken, and a temporal and spatial scan analysis was performed using SaTScan9.5 software.ResultsOur data demonstrated that the prevalence of myopia in China in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 was 35.9, 41.5, 48.7, 57.3, and 57.1%, respectively, thus indicating a gradual upward trend. The prevalence of myopia was analyzed in various provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), and the highest was found in Jiangsu Province, with an average Moran's I index of 0.244295 in China (P ≤ 0.05). According to the local Moran's I autocorrelation analysis, there was a spatial aggregation of myopia prevalence among students in the entire country, with Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Shanghai being classified as high–high aggregation areas, while Hainan and Guangxi were classified as low–low aggregation areas. In addition, the Getis-Ord General G results of the global hotspot analysis showed a countrywide myopia prevalence index of 0.035020 and a Z score of 1.7959 (P = 0.07251). Because the myopia prevalence correlation difference was not statistically significant, there were no “positive hotspots” or “negative hotspots.” The local hotspot analysis shows that Shandong and Jiangsu belong to high-value aggregation areas, while Hainan and Guizhou belong to low-value aggregation areas. Further analysis using time-space scanning showed 15 aggregation regions in five stages, with four aggregation regions having statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05). However, the aggregation range has changed over time. Overall, from 1995 to 2014, the aggregation areas for the myopia prevalence in Chinese students have shifted from the northwest, north, and northeast regions to the southeast regions.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that, from 1995 to 2014, the prevalence of myopia increased in students aged 7–18 years in China. In addition, the prevalence of myopia is randomly distributed in various provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) and exhibits spatial aggregation. Also, the gathering area is gradually shifting to the southeast, with the existence of high-risk areas. It is, therefore, necessary to focus on this area and undertake targeted prevention and control measures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:19:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a18c8c4fa5204e2da09437e866ef12f9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:19:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-a18c8c4fa5204e2da09437e866ef12f92022-12-22T03:44:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652022-08-011010.3389/fpubh.2022.896926896926Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in ChinaXiujing Shi0Xiujing Shi1Xiujing Shi2Zhaorong Gao3Zhaorong Gao4Zhaorong Gao5Lin Leng6Lin Leng7Lin Leng8Zhen Guo9Zhen Guo10Zhen Guo11Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaSchool of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaQingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaSchool of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaQingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaSchool of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaQingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaSchool of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, ChinaPurposeThe aim of this study was to characterize the temporal and spatial distribution of myopia among students aged 7–18 years, by analyzing the aggregation area and providing the basis for the prevention and control of myopia in China.MethodsA database for the spatial analysis of myopia in China during 1995–2014 was established using ArcGIS10.0 software as a platform for data management and presentation. A spatial autocorrelation analysis of myopia was undertaken, and a temporal and spatial scan analysis was performed using SaTScan9.5 software.ResultsOur data demonstrated that the prevalence of myopia in China in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 was 35.9, 41.5, 48.7, 57.3, and 57.1%, respectively, thus indicating a gradual upward trend. The prevalence of myopia was analyzed in various provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), and the highest was found in Jiangsu Province, with an average Moran's I index of 0.244295 in China (P ≤ 0.05). According to the local Moran's I autocorrelation analysis, there was a spatial aggregation of myopia prevalence among students in the entire country, with Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Shanghai being classified as high–high aggregation areas, while Hainan and Guangxi were classified as low–low aggregation areas. In addition, the Getis-Ord General G results of the global hotspot analysis showed a countrywide myopia prevalence index of 0.035020 and a Z score of 1.7959 (P = 0.07251). Because the myopia prevalence correlation difference was not statistically significant, there were no “positive hotspots” or “negative hotspots.” The local hotspot analysis shows that Shandong and Jiangsu belong to high-value aggregation areas, while Hainan and Guizhou belong to low-value aggregation areas. Further analysis using time-space scanning showed 15 aggregation regions in five stages, with four aggregation regions having statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05). However, the aggregation range has changed over time. Overall, from 1995 to 2014, the aggregation areas for the myopia prevalence in Chinese students have shifted from the northwest, north, and northeast regions to the southeast regions.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that, from 1995 to 2014, the prevalence of myopia increased in students aged 7–18 years in China. In addition, the prevalence of myopia is randomly distributed in various provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) and exhibits spatial aggregation. Also, the gathering area is gradually shifting to the southeast, with the existence of high-risk areas. It is, therefore, necessary to focus on this area and undertake targeted prevention and control measures.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.896926/fullmyopiageographic information systemspatial autocorrelation analysisspatiotemporal analysisChina |
| spellingShingle | Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Xiujing Shi Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Zhaorong Gao Lin Leng Lin Leng Lin Leng Zhen Guo Zhen Guo Zhen Guo Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China Frontiers in Public Health myopia geographic information system spatial autocorrelation analysis spatiotemporal analysis China |
| title | Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China |
| title_full | Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China |
| title_fullStr | Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China |
| title_short | Temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in China |
| title_sort | temporal and spatial characterization of myopia in china |
| topic | myopia geographic information system spatial autocorrelation analysis spatiotemporal analysis China |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.896926/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiujingshi temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT xiujingshi temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT xiujingshi temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhaoronggao temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhaoronggao temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhaoronggao temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT linleng temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT linleng temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT linleng temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhenguo temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhenguo temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina AT zhenguo temporalandspatialcharacterizationofmyopiainchina |