Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method
Lead-acid batteries are the most frequently used energy storage facilities for the provision of a backup supply of DC auxiliary systems in substations and power plants due to their long service life and high reliability. It is possible to define the load in these systems, therefore the IEEE 485 Stan...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/22/4400 |
| _version_ | 1798006048111460352 |
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| author | Janez Ribič Jože Pihler Robert Maruša Filip Kokalj Peter Kitak |
| author_facet | Janez Ribič Jože Pihler Robert Maruša Filip Kokalj Peter Kitak |
| author_sort | Janez Ribič |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lead-acid batteries are the most frequently used energy storage facilities for the provision of a backup supply of DC auxiliary systems in substations and power plants due to their long service life and high reliability. It is possible to define the load in these systems, therefore the IEEE 485 Standard can be used for the selection of batteries according to the conventional method of selection. Special attention is paid in the paper to the technical selection of a lead-acid battery, which depends on its operational reliability that decreases with battery aging. It is defined by the extent of maintenance during its service life. A cost analysis was also carried out, which took into consideration maintenance and procurement costs, as well as the costs of the related air conditioning that keeps the prescribed temperature and ventilates the battery room. The impact is shown of selecting a lead-acid battery on the battery room’s operating safety when charging. The final selection of lead-acid battery is performed using an optimization algorithm of differential evolution. Using the optimization process, the new battery selection method includes the technical sizing criteria of the lead-acid battery, reliability of operation with maintenance, operational safety, and cost analysis. Two cases of selection of lead-acid batteries for the backup supply of a DC auxiliary system in a transmission substation are presented in the paper, where the input data were determined based on measurements in an existing substation. A comparison is made between the existing conventional and new lead-acid battery selection method based on optimization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:48:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a19c54dff9c54ae2bf9a69ef17fc8921 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:48:49Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a19c54dff9c54ae2bf9a69ef17fc89212022-12-22T04:23:16ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-11-011222440010.3390/en12224400en12224400Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization MethodJanez Ribič0Jože Pihler1Robert Maruša2Filip Kokalj3Peter Kitak4Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, SloveniaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, SloveniaElectric Transmission Power Operator, ELES, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Power, Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, SloveniaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000 Maribor, SloveniaLead-acid batteries are the most frequently used energy storage facilities for the provision of a backup supply of DC auxiliary systems in substations and power plants due to their long service life and high reliability. It is possible to define the load in these systems, therefore the IEEE 485 Standard can be used for the selection of batteries according to the conventional method of selection. Special attention is paid in the paper to the technical selection of a lead-acid battery, which depends on its operational reliability that decreases with battery aging. It is defined by the extent of maintenance during its service life. A cost analysis was also carried out, which took into consideration maintenance and procurement costs, as well as the costs of the related air conditioning that keeps the prescribed temperature and ventilates the battery room. The impact is shown of selecting a lead-acid battery on the battery room’s operating safety when charging. The final selection of lead-acid battery is performed using an optimization algorithm of differential evolution. Using the optimization process, the new battery selection method includes the technical sizing criteria of the lead-acid battery, reliability of operation with maintenance, operational safety, and cost analysis. Two cases of selection of lead-acid batteries for the backup supply of a DC auxiliary system in a transmission substation are presented in the paper, where the input data were determined based on measurements in an existing substation. A comparison is made between the existing conventional and new lead-acid battery selection method based on optimization.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/22/4400lead-acid batterysubstationdc auxiliary systemoptimization methods |
| spellingShingle | Janez Ribič Jože Pihler Robert Maruša Filip Kokalj Peter Kitak Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method Energies lead-acid battery substation dc auxiliary system optimization methods |
| title | Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method |
| title_full | Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method |
| title_fullStr | Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method |
| title_short | Lead-Acid Battery Sizing for a DC Auxiliary System in a Substation by the Optimization Method |
| title_sort | lead acid battery sizing for a dc auxiliary system in a substation by the optimization method |
| topic | lead-acid battery substation dc auxiliary system optimization methods |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/22/4400 |
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