Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species
IntroductionPaeonia ludlowii is a rare and endangered plant species with a high application value. However, its low cultivation success rate in China has severely limited its protection, development, and utilization. In addition to natural factors, microorganisms in the rhizosphere play an important...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1194598/full |
| _version_ | 1797688617581150208 |
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| author | Hongyong Qiao Danlei Gao Danlei Gao Tao Yuan |
| author_facet | Hongyong Qiao Danlei Gao Danlei Gao Tao Yuan |
| author_sort | Hongyong Qiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPaeonia ludlowii is a rare and endangered plant species with a high application value. However, its low cultivation success rate in China has severely limited its protection, development, and utilization. In addition to natural factors, microorganisms in the rhizosphere play an important role in determining its cultivation success.MethodsIn this study, growth indexes and soil physicochemical properties of both wild (origin: Nyingchi) and cultivated (introduction: Luanchuan) species of P. ludlowii were measured during the flowering, fruiting, and autumn foliage stages. ITS high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to detect rhizosphere soil fungi, and the diversity, community structure, functional prediction, molecular network, and ecological processes of the microbial community assembly were examined by multidirectional analysis.Results and discussionThe results indicated that: both wild and cultivated P. ludlowii species were able to flower and fruit normally, although the wild species had a higher number of flowers and fruits and higher soil available phosphorus and available potassium contents than those of the cultivated species. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant rhizosphere soil fungal phyla in both P. ludlowii species. However, our network analysis showed that Ascomycota as the key fungal phylum of the wild species, whereas the cultivated species lacked key fungi. The community assembly mechanisms of rhizosphere soil fungi in both wild and cultivated species were primarily stochasticity, with no significant differences between them. Based on the results of FUNGuild and molecular network analyses, cultivated species had a higher proportion of fungi, such as Soil Saprotroph, that can easily cause diseases. Additionally, the network connections among fungi were weaker in the cultivated species than those in the wild species, which increased the cultivated species susceptibility to external environmental interferences. Therefore, from a soil microorganism perspective, this study suggests that, after the introduction and cultivation of P. ludlowii, if rhizosphere soil fungi fail to gradually form a close network relationship and instead promote the growth of pathogenic fungi, the fungal ecosystem would become vulnerable. |
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| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:34:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1a7d143f7b84bbfb4e25aaa181e8daa2023-09-11T12:28:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-09-011410.3389/fpls.2023.11945981194598Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii speciesHongyong Qiao0Danlei Gao1Danlei Gao2Tao Yuan3Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, ChinaScience and Technology Development Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, ChinaIntroductionPaeonia ludlowii is a rare and endangered plant species with a high application value. However, its low cultivation success rate in China has severely limited its protection, development, and utilization. In addition to natural factors, microorganisms in the rhizosphere play an important role in determining its cultivation success.MethodsIn this study, growth indexes and soil physicochemical properties of both wild (origin: Nyingchi) and cultivated (introduction: Luanchuan) species of P. ludlowii were measured during the flowering, fruiting, and autumn foliage stages. ITS high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to detect rhizosphere soil fungi, and the diversity, community structure, functional prediction, molecular network, and ecological processes of the microbial community assembly were examined by multidirectional analysis.Results and discussionThe results indicated that: both wild and cultivated P. ludlowii species were able to flower and fruit normally, although the wild species had a higher number of flowers and fruits and higher soil available phosphorus and available potassium contents than those of the cultivated species. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant rhizosphere soil fungal phyla in both P. ludlowii species. However, our network analysis showed that Ascomycota as the key fungal phylum of the wild species, whereas the cultivated species lacked key fungi. The community assembly mechanisms of rhizosphere soil fungi in both wild and cultivated species were primarily stochasticity, with no significant differences between them. Based on the results of FUNGuild and molecular network analyses, cultivated species had a higher proportion of fungi, such as Soil Saprotroph, that can easily cause diseases. Additionally, the network connections among fungi were weaker in the cultivated species than those in the wild species, which increased the cultivated species susceptibility to external environmental interferences. Therefore, from a soil microorganism perspective, this study suggests that, after the introduction and cultivation of P. ludlowii, if rhizosphere soil fungi fail to gradually form a close network relationship and instead promote the growth of pathogenic fungi, the fungal ecosystem would become vulnerable.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1194598/fullPaeonia ludlowiiwild speciescultivated speciesrhizosphere soil fungimolecular network |
| spellingShingle | Hongyong Qiao Danlei Gao Danlei Gao Tao Yuan Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species Frontiers in Plant Science Paeonia ludlowii wild species cultivated species rhizosphere soil fungi molecular network |
| title | Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species |
| title_full | Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species |
| title_fullStr | Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species |
| title_short | Differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated Paeonia ludlowii species |
| title_sort | differences in rhizosphere soil fungal communities of wild and cultivated paeonia ludlowii species |
| topic | Paeonia ludlowii wild species cultivated species rhizosphere soil fungi molecular network |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1194598/full |
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