Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a known risk factor for lung cancer. However, a detailed analysis of lung cancer type, age, sex, smoking, and TB burden associated with geographic and socioeconomic status has not been performed previously. We systematically appraised relevant observational studies rep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/765 |
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| author | Soo Young Hwang Jong Yeob Kim Hye Sun Lee Sujee Lee Dayeong Kim Subin Kim Jong Hoon Hyun Jae Il Shin Kyoung Hwa Lee Sang Hoon Han Young Goo Song |
| author_facet | Soo Young Hwang Jong Yeob Kim Hye Sun Lee Sujee Lee Dayeong Kim Subin Kim Jong Hoon Hyun Jae Il Shin Kyoung Hwa Lee Sang Hoon Han Young Goo Song |
| author_sort | Soo Young Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a known risk factor for lung cancer. However, a detailed analysis of lung cancer type, age, sex, smoking, and TB burden associated with geographic and socioeconomic status has not been performed previously. We systematically appraised relevant observational studies reporting an association between pulmonary TB and lung cancer. All studies were included in the primary analysis, and studies that used robust TB diagnostic methods, such as validated medical diagnostic codes, were included in the secondary analysis. Thirty-two articles were included. The association between the history of pulmonary TB and diagnosis of lung cancer was statistically significant (OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62–2.69, <i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a high heterogeneity (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 95%), without any publication bias. The analysis indicated a high association in advanced articles describing stringent pulmonary TB diagnosis (OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.29–3.94, <i>p</i> = 0.004). The subgroup analyses suggested a significant association in countries with medium or high TB burdens, from East Asia and the Pacific region, and upper-middle income countries. Heterogeneity within the subgroups remained high in a majority of the subgroup analyses. A meta-regression analysis revealed that younger patients showed a significantly higher association between TB and lung cancer (regression coefficient = 0.949, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The history of pulmonary TB is an independent risk factor for lung cancer, especially in younger patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB. Clinicians should be aware of this association while treating young patients with a history of pulmonary TB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1afd976af09417b991a8b88024bc2bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1afd976af09417b991a8b88024bc2bc2023-11-23T16:53:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-01-0111376510.3390/jcm11030765Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisSoo Young Hwang0Jong Yeob Kim1Hye Sun Lee2Sujee Lee3Dayeong Kim4Subin Kim5Jong Hoon Hyun6Jae Il Shin7Kyoung Hwa Lee8Sang Hoon Han9Young Goo Song10Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, KoreaYonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, KoreaBiostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, KoreaBiostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Enjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, KoreaPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a known risk factor for lung cancer. However, a detailed analysis of lung cancer type, age, sex, smoking, and TB burden associated with geographic and socioeconomic status has not been performed previously. We systematically appraised relevant observational studies reporting an association between pulmonary TB and lung cancer. All studies were included in the primary analysis, and studies that used robust TB diagnostic methods, such as validated medical diagnostic codes, were included in the secondary analysis. Thirty-two articles were included. The association between the history of pulmonary TB and diagnosis of lung cancer was statistically significant (OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62–2.69, <i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a high heterogeneity (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 95%), without any publication bias. The analysis indicated a high association in advanced articles describing stringent pulmonary TB diagnosis (OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.29–3.94, <i>p</i> = 0.004). The subgroup analyses suggested a significant association in countries with medium or high TB burdens, from East Asia and the Pacific region, and upper-middle income countries. Heterogeneity within the subgroups remained high in a majority of the subgroup analyses. A meta-regression analysis revealed that younger patients showed a significantly higher association between TB and lung cancer (regression coefficient = 0.949, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The history of pulmonary TB is an independent risk factor for lung cancer, especially in younger patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB. Clinicians should be aware of this association while treating young patients with a history of pulmonary TB.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/765pulmonary tuberculosislung cancermeta regressionburden of tuberculosis |
| spellingShingle | Soo Young Hwang Jong Yeob Kim Hye Sun Lee Sujee Lee Dayeong Kim Subin Kim Jong Hoon Hyun Jae Il Shin Kyoung Hwa Lee Sang Hoon Han Young Goo Song Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal of Clinical Medicine pulmonary tuberculosis lung cancer meta regression burden of tuberculosis |
| title | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | pulmonary tuberculosis and risk of lung cancer a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | pulmonary tuberculosis lung cancer meta regression burden of tuberculosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/765 |
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