Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions
This study aimed to investigate the influence of flash-boiling conditions on liquid propane sprays formed by a multi-hole injector at various injection pressures. The focus was on spray structures, which were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of spray-tip penetration and global spra...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/19/6257 |
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| author | Łukasz Jan Kapusta Jakub Bachanek Changzhao Jiang Jakub Piaszyk Hongming Xu Mirosław Lech Wyszyński |
| author_facet | Łukasz Jan Kapusta Jakub Bachanek Changzhao Jiang Jakub Piaszyk Hongming Xu Mirosław Lech Wyszyński |
| author_sort | Łukasz Jan Kapusta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the influence of flash-boiling conditions on liquid propane sprays formed by a multi-hole injector at various injection pressures. The focus was on spray structures, which were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of spray-tip penetration and global spray angle. The effect of flash boiling was evaluated in terms of trends observed for subcooled conditions. Propane was injected by a commercial gasoline direct injector into a constant volume vessel filled with nitrogen at pressures from 0.1 MPa up to 6 MPa. The temperature of the injected liquid was kept constant. The evolution of the spray penetration was observed by a high-speed camera with a Schlieren set-up. The obtained results provided information on the spray evolution in both regimes, above and below the saturation pressure of the propane. Based on the experimental results, an attempt to calibrate a simulation model has been made. The main advantage of the study is that the effects of injection pressure on the formation of propane sprays were investigated for both subcooled and flash-boiling conditions. Moreover, the impact of the changing viscosity and surface tension was limited, as the temperature of the injected liquid was kept at the same level. The results showed that despite very different spray behaviours in the subcooled and flash-boiling regimes, leading to different spray structures and a spray collapse for strong flash boiling, the influence of injection pressure on propane sprays in terms of spray-tip penetration and spray angle is very similar for both conditions, subcooled and flash boiling. As for the numerical model, there were no single model settings to simulate the flashing sprays properly. Moreover, the spray collapse was not represented very well, making the simulation set-up more suitable for less superheated sprays. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:03:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1ba6d40dfad405796398c5edf29b4e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:03:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1ba6d40dfad405796398c5edf29b4e22023-11-22T16:01:55ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-10-011419625710.3390/en14196257Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling ConditionsŁukasz Jan Kapusta0Jakub Bachanek1Changzhao Jiang2Jakub Piaszyk3Hongming Xu4Mirosław Lech Wyszyński5Institute of Heat Engineering, Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 21/25, 00-665 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Heat Engineering, Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 21/25, 00-665 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKThis study aimed to investigate the influence of flash-boiling conditions on liquid propane sprays formed by a multi-hole injector at various injection pressures. The focus was on spray structures, which were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of spray-tip penetration and global spray angle. The effect of flash boiling was evaluated in terms of trends observed for subcooled conditions. Propane was injected by a commercial gasoline direct injector into a constant volume vessel filled with nitrogen at pressures from 0.1 MPa up to 6 MPa. The temperature of the injected liquid was kept constant. The evolution of the spray penetration was observed by a high-speed camera with a Schlieren set-up. The obtained results provided information on the spray evolution in both regimes, above and below the saturation pressure of the propane. Based on the experimental results, an attempt to calibrate a simulation model has been made. The main advantage of the study is that the effects of injection pressure on the formation of propane sprays were investigated for both subcooled and flash-boiling conditions. Moreover, the impact of the changing viscosity and surface tension was limited, as the temperature of the injected liquid was kept at the same level. The results showed that despite very different spray behaviours in the subcooled and flash-boiling regimes, leading to different spray structures and a spray collapse for strong flash boiling, the influence of injection pressure on propane sprays in terms of spray-tip penetration and spray angle is very similar for both conditions, subcooled and flash boiling. As for the numerical model, there were no single model settings to simulate the flashing sprays properly. Moreover, the spray collapse was not represented very well, making the simulation set-up more suitable for less superheated sprays.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/19/6257flash boilingsprayinjectionpropaneLPGspray collapse |
| spellingShingle | Łukasz Jan Kapusta Jakub Bachanek Changzhao Jiang Jakub Piaszyk Hongming Xu Mirosław Lech Wyszyński Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions Energies flash boiling spray injection propane LPG spray collapse |
| title | Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions |
| title_full | Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions |
| title_short | Liquid Propane Injection in Flash-Boiling Conditions |
| title_sort | liquid propane injection in flash boiling conditions |
| topic | flash boiling spray injection propane LPG spray collapse |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/19/6257 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT łukaszjankapusta liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions AT jakubbachanek liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions AT changzhaojiang liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions AT jakubpiaszyk liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions AT hongmingxu liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions AT mirosławlechwyszynski liquidpropaneinjectioninflashboilingconditions |