The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia
Invasive species are now considered the second biggest threat for biodiversity and have adverse environmental, economic and social impacts. Understanding its spatial distribution and dynamics is crucial for the development of tools for large-scale mapping, monitoring and management. The aim of this...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1484 |
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| author | Petra Gašparovičová Michal Ševčík Stanislav David |
| author_facet | Petra Gašparovičová Michal Ševčík Stanislav David |
| author_sort | Petra Gašparovičová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invasive species are now considered the second biggest threat for biodiversity and have adverse environmental, economic and social impacts. Understanding its spatial distribution and dynamics is crucial for the development of tools for large-scale mapping, monitoring and management. The aim of this study was to predict the distribution of invasive <i>Fallopia</i> taxa in Slovakia and to identify the most important predictors of spreading of these species. We designed models of species distribution for invasive species of <i>Fallopia</i>—<i>Fallopia japonica</i>—Japanese knotweed, <i>Fallopia sachalinensis</i>—Sakhalin knotweed and their hybrid <i>Fallopia</i> × <i>bohemica</i>—Czech knotweed. We designed 12 models—generalized linear model (GLM), generalized additive model (GAM), classification and regression trees (CART), boosted regression trees (BRT), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), random forests (RF), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN), maximum entropy (Maxent), penalized maximum likelihood GLM (GLMNET), domain, and radial basis function network (RBF). The accuracy of the models was evaluated using occurrence data for the presence and absence of species. The final simplified logistic regression model showed the three most important prediction variables lead by distances from roads and rails, then type of soil and distances from water bodies. The probability of invasive <i>Fallopia</i> species occurrence was evaluated using Pearson’s chi-squared test (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>). It significantly decreases with increasing distance from transport lines (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 118.85, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and depends on soil type (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 49.56, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the distance from the water, where increasing the distance decrease the probability (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 8.95, <i>p</i> = 0.003). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1baecc7d7bd48e7b0f3aa9152a60921 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1baecc7d7bd48e7b0f3aa9152a609212023-11-23T14:39:24ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-05-011111148410.3390/plants11111484The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in SlovakiaPetra Gašparovičová0Michal Ševčík1Stanislav David2Institute of Landscape Ecology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, 949 10 Nitra, SlovakiaDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 01 Nitra, SlovakiaInstitute of Landscape Ecology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, 949 10 Nitra, SlovakiaInvasive species are now considered the second biggest threat for biodiversity and have adverse environmental, economic and social impacts. Understanding its spatial distribution and dynamics is crucial for the development of tools for large-scale mapping, monitoring and management. The aim of this study was to predict the distribution of invasive <i>Fallopia</i> taxa in Slovakia and to identify the most important predictors of spreading of these species. We designed models of species distribution for invasive species of <i>Fallopia</i>—<i>Fallopia japonica</i>—Japanese knotweed, <i>Fallopia sachalinensis</i>—Sakhalin knotweed and their hybrid <i>Fallopia</i> × <i>bohemica</i>—Czech knotweed. We designed 12 models—generalized linear model (GLM), generalized additive model (GAM), classification and regression trees (CART), boosted regression trees (BRT), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), random forests (RF), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN), maximum entropy (Maxent), penalized maximum likelihood GLM (GLMNET), domain, and radial basis function network (RBF). The accuracy of the models was evaluated using occurrence data for the presence and absence of species. The final simplified logistic regression model showed the three most important prediction variables lead by distances from roads and rails, then type of soil and distances from water bodies. The probability of invasive <i>Fallopia</i> species occurrence was evaluated using Pearson’s chi-squared test (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>). It significantly decreases with increasing distance from transport lines (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 118.85, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and depends on soil type (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 49.56, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the distance from the water, where increasing the distance decrease the probability (χ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mrow><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow><mn>1</mn><mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 8.95, <i>p</i> = 0.003).https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1484invasive plantsspecies distribution model<i>Fallopia</i> taxa |
| spellingShingle | Petra Gašparovičová Michal Ševčík Stanislav David The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia Plants invasive plants species distribution model <i>Fallopia</i> taxa |
| title | The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia |
| title_full | The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia |
| title_fullStr | The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia |
| title_short | The Prediction of Distribution of the Invasive <i>Fallopia</i> Taxa in Slovakia |
| title_sort | prediction of distribution of the invasive i fallopia i taxa in slovakia |
| topic | invasive plants species distribution model <i>Fallopia</i> taxa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1484 |
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