Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin
Multiple siderite beds developed in the first member of the Lower Cretaceous Nantun Formation (K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup>) in the basin. The results show that the siderites in K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup> of the study area are mostly stratiform or massiv...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/6/804 |
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| author | Mingxian Xie Feng Ma Guangpo Chen Xi Zheng Rong Xiao Chengjun Zhang |
| author_facet | Mingxian Xie Feng Ma Guangpo Chen Xi Zheng Rong Xiao Chengjun Zhang |
| author_sort | Mingxian Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multiple siderite beds developed in the first member of the Lower Cretaceous Nantun Formation (K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup>) in the basin. The results show that the siderites in K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup> of the study area are mostly stratiform or massive, with three micromorphological features (dense micronized crystals, bands, and paragenesis with quartz and calcite). The siderite beds are mainly composed of siderite, clay, quartz, calcite, and feldspar. Under the microscope, charcoal, algal fossils, granular pyrite crystals, vein-like siliceous bands, etc., were observed. The oxides in the siderite beds include Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, etc. The trace elements are typically characterized by high Mn and Be contents; low Sr/Ba, Th/U, and Al/Ti ratios; and high V/Cr ratios. These indicate weakly reducing, freshwater depositional paleoenvironments. The δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>v-PDB</sub> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>v-PDB</sub> values of siderite are −0.20–1.11‰ (mean: 0.62‰) and −18.22‰ to −10.14‰ (mean: −14.23‰), respectively, which shows that the carbon in siderite came mainly from carbonate dissolution. The Fe-bearing rocks in the source area migrated to the basin after undergoing physical and chemical weathering, and when the resultant Fe<sup>2+</sup> concentration reached saturation, Fe<sup>2+</sup> combined with CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> in the water bodies to form authigenic siderite. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a1be2ce9af5643eea466298b31ee390e2023-11-18T11:45:46ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2023-06-0113680410.3390/min13060804Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar BasinMingxian Xie0Feng Ma1Guangpo Chen2Xi Zheng3Rong Xiao4Chengjun Zhang5School of Earth Sciences, Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development–Northwest, PetroChina, Lanzhou 730020, ChinaResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development–Northwest, PetroChina, Lanzhou 730020, ChinaResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development–Northwest, PetroChina, Lanzhou 730020, ChinaYanchang Oil Field Co., Ltd., Yan’an 718600, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences, Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaMultiple siderite beds developed in the first member of the Lower Cretaceous Nantun Formation (K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup>) in the basin. The results show that the siderites in K<sub>1</sub>n<sup>1</sup> of the study area are mostly stratiform or massive, with three micromorphological features (dense micronized crystals, bands, and paragenesis with quartz and calcite). The siderite beds are mainly composed of siderite, clay, quartz, calcite, and feldspar. Under the microscope, charcoal, algal fossils, granular pyrite crystals, vein-like siliceous bands, etc., were observed. The oxides in the siderite beds include Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, SiO<sub>2</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, etc. The trace elements are typically characterized by high Mn and Be contents; low Sr/Ba, Th/U, and Al/Ti ratios; and high V/Cr ratios. These indicate weakly reducing, freshwater depositional paleoenvironments. The δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>v-PDB</sub> and δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>v-PDB</sub> values of siderite are −0.20–1.11‰ (mean: 0.62‰) and −18.22‰ to −10.14‰ (mean: −14.23‰), respectively, which shows that the carbon in siderite came mainly from carbonate dissolution. The Fe-bearing rocks in the source area migrated to the basin after undergoing physical and chemical weathering, and when the resultant Fe<sup>2+</sup> concentration reached saturation, Fe<sup>2+</sup> combined with CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> in the water bodies to form authigenic siderite.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/6/804Dongming sagthe first member of the Nantun Formationsideritemajor and trace elementscarbon and oxygen isotopespaleoenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Mingxian Xie Feng Ma Guangpo Chen Xi Zheng Rong Xiao Chengjun Zhang Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin Minerals Dongming sag the first member of the Nantun Formation siderite major and trace elements carbon and oxygen isotopes paleoenvironment |
| title | Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin |
| title_full | Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin |
| title_fullStr | Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin |
| title_short | Genesis and Geological Significance of Siderite in the First Member of the Nantun Formation of Dongming Sag, Hailar Basin |
| title_sort | genesis and geological significance of siderite in the first member of the nantun formation of dongming sag hailar basin |
| topic | Dongming sag the first member of the Nantun Formation siderite major and trace elements carbon and oxygen isotopes paleoenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/13/6/804 |
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