Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia
The presented report describes the epidemiology of potential rabies exposures and examines the utilization of anti-rabies vaccine in a rural area of Ethiopia during a period of 43 months. A total of 683 persons (51.1% females, 73% children) with animal- related bites were included in the retrospecti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Institute of Rural Health
2015-02-01
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| Series: | Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.journalssystem.com/aaem/Epidemiology-of-animal-bites-and-other-potential-rabies-exposures-and-anti-rabies-vaccine-utilization-in-a-rural-area-in-Southern-Ethiopia,72235,0,2.html |
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| author | José M Ramos Napoleón Melendez Francisco Reyes Ganamo Gudiso Dejene Biru Gamadi Fano Gulelat Aberra Dalu Tessema Abraham Tesfamariam Seble Balcha Félix Gutiérrez |
| author_facet | José M Ramos Napoleón Melendez Francisco Reyes Ganamo Gudiso Dejene Biru Gamadi Fano Gulelat Aberra Dalu Tessema Abraham Tesfamariam Seble Balcha Félix Gutiérrez |
| author_sort | José M Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presented report describes the epidemiology of potential rabies exposures and examines the utilization of anti-rabies vaccine in a rural area of Ethiopia during a period of 43 months. A total of 683 persons (51.1% females, 73% children) with animal- related bites were included in the retrospective, registry-based study. The most common site of exposure was the leg (66.8%). In children under 8 years of age the face was more often involved than in adults (9.5% vs. 4.8%; p=0.03). The main type of exposure was a bite with bleeding (66.3%) followed by contamination of mucous membranes with saliva (19.7%). The primary sources were dogs (93.4%) followed by cats (2.6%). Children under 15 years were more likely to be exposed to dogs (94.9%) than adults (88.7%) (p=0.01). The most common way of coming in contact with animals was ‘walking by’ (83.9%). Children came in contact with animals while ‘playing with’ (10.7%) more often than adults (1.1%) (p<0.001). All the patients received an anti-rabies nervous-tissue vaccine, 99% of whom completed the vaccination course. Animal bites continue to be a problem in rural Ethiopia, mainly among children. Efforts to protect children against animal bites must be of paramount importance in preventing rabies in this population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:41:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1e2f32eef28477cad6222625b701096 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1232-1966 1898-2263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:41:09Z |
| publishDate | 2015-02-01 |
| publisher | Institute of Rural Health |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1e2f32eef28477cad6222625b7010962022-12-22T00:21:13ZengInstitute of Rural HealthAnnals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine1232-19661898-22632015-02-01221767910.5604/12321966.114137272235Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern EthiopiaJosé M Ramos0Napoleón Melendez1Francisco Reyes2Ganamo Gudiso3Dejene Biru4Gamadi Fano5Gulelat Aberra6Dalu Tessema7Abraham Tesfamariam8Seble Balcha9Félix Gutiérrez10Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, SpainInfectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, SpainGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaGambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, EthiopiaInfectious Diseases Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, SpainThe presented report describes the epidemiology of potential rabies exposures and examines the utilization of anti-rabies vaccine in a rural area of Ethiopia during a period of 43 months. A total of 683 persons (51.1% females, 73% children) with animal- related bites were included in the retrospective, registry-based study. The most common site of exposure was the leg (66.8%). In children under 8 years of age the face was more often involved than in adults (9.5% vs. 4.8%; p=0.03). The main type of exposure was a bite with bleeding (66.3%) followed by contamination of mucous membranes with saliva (19.7%). The primary sources were dogs (93.4%) followed by cats (2.6%). Children under 15 years were more likely to be exposed to dogs (94.9%) than adults (88.7%) (p=0.01). The most common way of coming in contact with animals was ‘walking by’ (83.9%). Children came in contact with animals while ‘playing with’ (10.7%) more often than adults (1.1%) (p<0.001). All the patients received an anti-rabies nervous-tissue vaccine, 99% of whom completed the vaccination course. Animal bites continue to be a problem in rural Ethiopia, mainly among children. Efforts to protect children against animal bites must be of paramount importance in preventing rabies in this population.http://www.journalssystem.com/aaem/Epidemiology-of-animal-bites-and-other-potential-rabies-exposures-and-anti-rabies-vaccine-utilization-in-a-rural-area-in-Southern-Ethiopia,72235,0,2.htmlAnimal bitesanimal-related injuriesRabiesanti-rabies vaccineEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | José M Ramos Napoleón Melendez Francisco Reyes Ganamo Gudiso Dejene Biru Gamadi Fano Gulelat Aberra Dalu Tessema Abraham Tesfamariam Seble Balcha Félix Gutiérrez Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine Animal bites animal-related injuries Rabies anti-rabies vaccine Ethiopia |
| title | Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_full | Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_short | Epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti-rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in Southern Ethiopia |
| title_sort | epidemiology of animal bites and other potential rabies exposures and anti rabies vaccine utilization in a rural area in southern ethiopia |
| topic | Animal bites animal-related injuries Rabies anti-rabies vaccine Ethiopia |
| url | http://www.journalssystem.com/aaem/Epidemiology-of-animal-bites-and-other-potential-rabies-exposures-and-anti-rabies-vaccine-utilization-in-a-rural-area-in-Southern-Ethiopia,72235,0,2.html |
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