Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East
Significant progress has been made in identifying the influence of different processes and emissions on the summertime enhancements of free tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) at northern midlatitude regions. However, the exact contribution of regional emissions, chemical and transport...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6537/2016/acp-16-6537-2016.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818914386548359168 |
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| author | Z. Jiang Z. Jiang K. Miyazaki J. R. Worden J. J. Liu J. J. Liu D. B. A. Jones D. K. Henze |
| author_facet | Z. Jiang Z. Jiang K. Miyazaki J. R. Worden J. J. Liu J. J. Liu D. B. A. Jones D. K. Henze |
| author_sort | Z. Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Significant progress has been made in identifying the influence of different
processes and emissions on the summertime enhancements of free tropospheric
ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) at northern midlatitude regions. However, the exact
contribution of regional emissions, chemical and transport processes to
these summertime enhancements is still not well quantified. Here we focus on
quantifying the influence of regional emissions on the summertime O<sub>3</sub>
enhancements over the Middle East, using updated reactive nitrogen
(NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) emissions. We then use the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem model with
these updated NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions to show that the global total contribution
of lightning NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on middle free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> over the Middle
East is about 2 times larger than that from global anthropogenic sources.
The summertime middle free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> enhancement is primarily due
to Asian NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions, with approximately equivalent contributions
from Asian anthropogenic activities and lightning. In the Middle Eastern
lower free troposphere, lightning NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> from Europe and North America and
anthropogenic NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> from Middle Eastern local emissions are the primary
sources of O<sub>3</sub>. This work highlights the critical role of lightning
NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on northern midlatitude free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> and the
important effect of the Asian summer monsoon on the export of Asian
pollutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:45:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1e6ace4bce14bf3a75a1d3683336d56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:45:34Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1e6ace4bce14bf3a75a1d3683336d562022-12-21T20:01:18ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-05-01166537654610.5194/acp-16-6537-2016Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle EastZ. Jiang0Z. Jiang1K. Miyazaki2J. R. Worden3J. J. Liu4J. J. Liu5D. B. A. Jones6D. K. Henze7Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USAnow at: National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USAJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, JapanJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USADepartment of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaSchool of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USASignificant progress has been made in identifying the influence of different processes and emissions on the summertime enhancements of free tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) at northern midlatitude regions. However, the exact contribution of regional emissions, chemical and transport processes to these summertime enhancements is still not well quantified. Here we focus on quantifying the influence of regional emissions on the summertime O<sub>3</sub> enhancements over the Middle East, using updated reactive nitrogen (NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) emissions. We then use the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem model with these updated NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions to show that the global total contribution of lightning NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on middle free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> over the Middle East is about 2 times larger than that from global anthropogenic sources. The summertime middle free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> enhancement is primarily due to Asian NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions, with approximately equivalent contributions from Asian anthropogenic activities and lightning. In the Middle Eastern lower free troposphere, lightning NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> from Europe and North America and anthropogenic NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> from Middle Eastern local emissions are the primary sources of O<sub>3</sub>. This work highlights the critical role of lightning NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on northern midlatitude free tropospheric O<sub>3</sub> and the important effect of the Asian summer monsoon on the export of Asian pollutants.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6537/2016/acp-16-6537-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Z. Jiang Z. Jiang K. Miyazaki J. R. Worden J. J. Liu J. J. Liu D. B. A. Jones D. K. Henze Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East |
| title_full | Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East |
| title_short | Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East |
| title_sort | impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the middle east |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/6537/2016/acp-16-6537-2016.pdf |
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