<i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates
Viable airborne pathogenic fungi represent a potential health hazard when exposing vulnerable persons in quantities exceeding their resilience. In this study, 284 indoor fungal isolates from a strain collection of indoor fungi were screened for pathogenic potential through the ability to grow in neu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1171 |
| _version_ | 1797470546812731392 |
|---|---|
| author | Maria Andersson (Aino) András Varga Raimo Mikkola Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist Johanna Salo László Kredics Sándor Kocsubé Heidi Salonen |
| author_facet | Maria Andersson (Aino) András Varga Raimo Mikkola Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist Johanna Salo László Kredics Sándor Kocsubé Heidi Salonen |
| author_sort | Maria Andersson (Aino) |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Viable airborne pathogenic fungi represent a potential health hazard when exposing vulnerable persons in quantities exceeding their resilience. In this study, 284 indoor fungal isolates from a strain collection of indoor fungi were screened for pathogenic potential through the ability to grow in neutral pH at 37 °C and 30 °C. The isolates were collected from 20 locations including 14 problematic and 6 non-problematic ordinary buildings. Out of the screened isolates, 170 isolates were unable to grow at 37 °C, whereas 67 isolates growing at pH 7.2 at 37 °C were considered as potential opportunistic pathogens. Forty-seven isolates growing at 30 °C but not at 37 °C were considered as less likely pathogens. Out of these categories, 33 and 33 strains, respectively, were identified to the species level. The problematic buildings included known opportunistic pathogens: <i>Aspergillus calidoustus</i>, <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i>, <i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i> and <i>Paecilomyces variotii</i>, as well as less likely pathogens: <i>Aspergillus versicolor</i>, <i>Chaetomium cochliodes</i>, <i>Chaetomium globosum</i> and <i>Chaetomium rectangulare.</i> Opportunistic pathogens such as <i>Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus tubingensis</i> and less likely pathogens such as <i>Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Chaetomium globosum</i> and <i>Dichotomopilus finlandicus</i> were isolated both from ordinary and from problematic buildings. <i>Aspergillus</i> was the dominant, most diverse genus found during screening for potentially pathogenic isolates in the indoor strain collection. Studies on <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus calidodoustus</i> revealed that tolerance to cleaning chemicals may contribute to the adaptation of <i>Aspergillus</i> species to indoor environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:37:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1e8bdd3e8a14b768615398023c17db5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:37:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1e8bdd3e8a14b768615398023c17db52023-11-24T01:49:14ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-10-011110117110.3390/pathogens11101171<i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal IsolatesMaria Andersson (Aino)0András Varga1Raimo Mikkola2Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist3Johanna Salo4László Kredics5Sándor Kocsubé6Heidi Salonen7Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandDepartment of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandDepartment of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandViable airborne pathogenic fungi represent a potential health hazard when exposing vulnerable persons in quantities exceeding their resilience. In this study, 284 indoor fungal isolates from a strain collection of indoor fungi were screened for pathogenic potential through the ability to grow in neutral pH at 37 °C and 30 °C. The isolates were collected from 20 locations including 14 problematic and 6 non-problematic ordinary buildings. Out of the screened isolates, 170 isolates were unable to grow at 37 °C, whereas 67 isolates growing at pH 7.2 at 37 °C were considered as potential opportunistic pathogens. Forty-seven isolates growing at 30 °C but not at 37 °C were considered as less likely pathogens. Out of these categories, 33 and 33 strains, respectively, were identified to the species level. The problematic buildings included known opportunistic pathogens: <i>Aspergillus calidoustus</i>, <i>Trichoderma longibrachiatum</i>, <i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i> and <i>Paecilomyces variotii</i>, as well as less likely pathogens: <i>Aspergillus versicolor</i>, <i>Chaetomium cochliodes</i>, <i>Chaetomium globosum</i> and <i>Chaetomium rectangulare.</i> Opportunistic pathogens such as <i>Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus tubingensis</i> and less likely pathogens such as <i>Aspergillus westerdijkiae, Chaetomium globosum</i> and <i>Dichotomopilus finlandicus</i> were isolated both from ordinary and from problematic buildings. <i>Aspergillus</i> was the dominant, most diverse genus found during screening for potentially pathogenic isolates in the indoor strain collection. Studies on <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus calidodoustus</i> revealed that tolerance to cleaning chemicals may contribute to the adaptation of <i>Aspergillus</i> species to indoor environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1171<i>Aspergillus</i><i>Chaetomium</i><i>Paecilomyces</i>pathogenic indoor fungicleaning chemicals |
| spellingShingle | Maria Andersson (Aino) András Varga Raimo Mikkola Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist Johanna Salo László Kredics Sándor Kocsubé Heidi Salonen <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates Pathogens <i>Aspergillus</i> <i>Chaetomium</i> <i>Paecilomyces</i> pathogenic indoor fungi cleaning chemicals |
| title | <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates |
| title_full | <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates |
| title_fullStr | <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates |
| title_short | <i>Aspergillus</i> Was the Dominant Genus Found during Diversity Tracking of Potentially Pathogenic Indoor Fungal Isolates |
| title_sort | i aspergillus i was the dominant genus found during diversity tracking of potentially pathogenic indoor fungal isolates |
| topic | <i>Aspergillus</i> <i>Chaetomium</i> <i>Paecilomyces</i> pathogenic indoor fungi cleaning chemicals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1171 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mariaanderssonaino iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT andrasvarga iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT raimomikkola iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT camillavornanenwinqvist iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT johannasalo iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT laszlokredics iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT sandorkocsube iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates AT heidisalonen iaspergillusiwasthedominantgenusfoundduringdiversitytrackingofpotentiallypathogenicindoorfungalisolates |