The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment
GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including variou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2257 |
| _version_ | 1797519917186023424 |
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| author | Mark Dapash David Hou Brandyn Castro Catalina Lee-Chang Maciej S. Lesniak |
| author_facet | Mark Dapash David Hou Brandyn Castro Catalina Lee-Chang Maciej S. Lesniak |
| author_sort | Mark Dapash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including various immunotherapies. The major challenge lies in understanding and manipulating the complex interplay among the different components within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This interplay varies not only by the type of cells interacting but also by their spatial distribution with the TME. This review highlights the various immune and non-immune components of the tumor microenvironment and their consequences f the efficacy of immunotherapies. Understanding the independent and interdependent aspects of the various sub-populations encapsulated by the immune and non-immune components will allow for more targeted therapies. Meanwhile, understanding how the TME creates and responds to different environmental pressures such as hypoxia may allow for other multimodal approaches in the treatment of GBM. Ultimately, a better understanding of the GBM TME will aid in the development and advancement of more effective treatments and in improving patient outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:49:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1e9144b34f14999b5e6eff5241a593f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:49:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1e9144b34f14999b5e6eff5241a593f2023-11-22T12:23:16ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-08-01109225710.3390/cells10092257The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its MicroenvironmentMark Dapash0David Hou1Brandyn Castro2Catalina Lee-Chang3Maciej S. Lesniak4Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USADepartment of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USADepartment of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USADepartment of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USADepartment of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USAGBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including various immunotherapies. The major challenge lies in understanding and manipulating the complex interplay among the different components within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This interplay varies not only by the type of cells interacting but also by their spatial distribution with the TME. This review highlights the various immune and non-immune components of the tumor microenvironment and their consequences f the efficacy of immunotherapies. Understanding the independent and interdependent aspects of the various sub-populations encapsulated by the immune and non-immune components will allow for more targeted therapies. Meanwhile, understanding how the TME creates and responds to different environmental pressures such as hypoxia may allow for other multimodal approaches in the treatment of GBM. Ultimately, a better understanding of the GBM TME will aid in the development and advancement of more effective treatments and in improving patient outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2257glioblastomamicroenvironmentimmunosuppressionblood-brain-barriertumor-associated myeloid cellsregulatory T cells |
| spellingShingle | Mark Dapash David Hou Brandyn Castro Catalina Lee-Chang Maciej S. Lesniak The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment Cells glioblastoma microenvironment immunosuppression blood-brain-barrier tumor-associated myeloid cells regulatory T cells |
| title | The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment |
| title_full | The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment |
| title_fullStr | The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment |
| title_short | The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment |
| title_sort | interplay between glioblastoma and its microenvironment |
| topic | glioblastoma microenvironment immunosuppression blood-brain-barrier tumor-associated myeloid cells regulatory T cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/9/2257 |
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