Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Microaneurysms (MAs), which are abnormal outpouchings of the retinal vessels, are early and hallmark lesions of DR. The presence and severity of MAs are utilized to determine overall DR severity. In addition, MAs can directly con...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00989/full |
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| author | Miguel O. Bernabeu Yang Lu Omar Abu-Qamar Lloyd P. Aiello Lloyd P. Aiello Jennifer K. Sun Jennifer K. Sun |
| author_facet | Miguel O. Bernabeu Yang Lu Omar Abu-Qamar Lloyd P. Aiello Lloyd P. Aiello Jennifer K. Sun Jennifer K. Sun |
| author_sort | Miguel O. Bernabeu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Microaneurysms (MAs), which are abnormal outpouchings of the retinal vessels, are early and hallmark lesions of DR. The presence and severity of MAs are utilized to determine overall DR severity. In addition, MAs can directly contribute to retinal neural pathology by leaking fluid into the surrounding retina, causing abnormal central retinal thickening and thereby frequently leading to vision loss. Vascular perfusion parameters such as shear rate (SR) or wall shear stress (WSS) have been linked to blood clotting and endothelial cell dysfunction, respectively in non-retinal vasculature. However, despite the importance of MAs as a key aspect of diabetic retinal pathology, much remains unknown as to how structural characteristics of individual MAs are associated with these perfusion attributes. MA structural information obtained on high resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) was utilized to estimate perfusion parameters through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of the AOSLO images. The HemeLB flow solver was used to simulate steady-state and time-dependent fluid flow using both commodity hospital-based and high performance computing resources, depending on the degree of detail required in the simulations. Our results indicate that WSS is lowest in MA regions furthest away from the feeding vessels. Furthermore, areas of low SR are associated with clot location in saccular MAs. These findings suggest that morphology and CFD estimation of perfusion parameters may be useful tools for determining the likelihood of clot presence in individual diabetic MAs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:30:18Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:30:18Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1f0d9f4989d4931b29d7bf880b9219d2022-12-22T02:52:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2018-09-01910.3389/fphys.2018.00989341536Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser OphthalmoscopyMiguel O. Bernabeu0Yang Lu1Omar Abu-Qamar2Lloyd P. Aiello3Lloyd P. Aiello4Jennifer K. Sun5Jennifer K. Sun6Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United KingdomBeetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United StatesBeetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United StatesBeetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesBeetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Microaneurysms (MAs), which are abnormal outpouchings of the retinal vessels, are early and hallmark lesions of DR. The presence and severity of MAs are utilized to determine overall DR severity. In addition, MAs can directly contribute to retinal neural pathology by leaking fluid into the surrounding retina, causing abnormal central retinal thickening and thereby frequently leading to vision loss. Vascular perfusion parameters such as shear rate (SR) or wall shear stress (WSS) have been linked to blood clotting and endothelial cell dysfunction, respectively in non-retinal vasculature. However, despite the importance of MAs as a key aspect of diabetic retinal pathology, much remains unknown as to how structural characteristics of individual MAs are associated with these perfusion attributes. MA structural information obtained on high resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) was utilized to estimate perfusion parameters through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of the AOSLO images. The HemeLB flow solver was used to simulate steady-state and time-dependent fluid flow using both commodity hospital-based and high performance computing resources, depending on the degree of detail required in the simulations. Our results indicate that WSS is lowest in MA regions furthest away from the feeding vessels. Furthermore, areas of low SR are associated with clot location in saccular MAs. These findings suggest that morphology and CFD estimation of perfusion parameters may be useful tools for determining the likelihood of clot presence in individual diabetic MAs.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00989/fulldiabetic retinopathymicroaneurysmadaptive opticsblood flowcomputational fluid dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Miguel O. Bernabeu Yang Lu Omar Abu-Qamar Lloyd P. Aiello Lloyd P. Aiello Jennifer K. Sun Jennifer K. Sun Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Frontiers in Physiology diabetic retinopathy microaneurysm adaptive optics blood flow computational fluid dynamics |
| title | Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy |
| title_full | Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy |
| title_fullStr | Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy |
| title_short | Estimation of Diabetic Retinal Microaneurysm Perfusion Parameters Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy |
| title_sort | estimation of diabetic retinal microaneurysm perfusion parameters based on computational fluid dynamics modeling of adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy |
| topic | diabetic retinopathy microaneurysm adaptive optics blood flow computational fluid dynamics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00989/full |
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