Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges
Human health and animal health risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals use the same steps as single-substance risk assessment, namely problem formulation, exposure assessment, hazard assessment and risk characterisation. The main unique feature of combined RA is the assessment of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/1/40 |
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| author | Irene Cattaneo Alexander D. Kalian Matteo R. Di Nicola Bruno Dujardin Sara Levorato Luc Mohimont Alexis V. Nathanail Edoardo Carnessechi Maria Chiara Astuto Jose V. Tarazona George E. N. Kass Antoine K. Djien Liem Tobin Robinson Paola Manini Christer Hogstrand Paul S. Price Jean Lou C. M. Dorne |
| author_facet | Irene Cattaneo Alexander D. Kalian Matteo R. Di Nicola Bruno Dujardin Sara Levorato Luc Mohimont Alexis V. Nathanail Edoardo Carnessechi Maria Chiara Astuto Jose V. Tarazona George E. N. Kass Antoine K. Djien Liem Tobin Robinson Paola Manini Christer Hogstrand Paul S. Price Jean Lou C. M. Dorne |
| author_sort | Irene Cattaneo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human health and animal health risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals use the same steps as single-substance risk assessment, namely problem formulation, exposure assessment, hazard assessment and risk characterisation. The main unique feature of combined RA is the assessment of combined exposure, toxicity and risk. Recently, the Scientific Committee of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published two relevant guidance documents. The first one “Harmonised methodologies for the human health, animal health and ecological risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals” provides principles and explores methodologies for all steps of risk assessment together with a reporting table. This guidance supports also the default assumption that dose addition is applied for combined toxicity of the chemicals unless evidence for response addition or interactions (antagonism or synergism) is available. The second guidance document provides an account of the scientific criteria to group chemicals in assessment groups using hazard-driven criteria and prioritisation methods, i.e., exposure-driven and risk-based approaches. This manuscript describes such principles, provides a brief description of EFSA’s guidance documents, examples of applications in the human health and animal health area and concludes with a discussion on future challenges in this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:06:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a1f315ccab594c818288a27a0c173540 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:06:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-a1f315ccab594c818288a27a0c1735402023-12-01T00:56:56ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512023-01-011514010.3390/toxins15010040Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future ChallengesIrene Cattaneo0Alexander D. Kalian1Matteo R. Di Nicola2Bruno Dujardin3Sara Levorato4Luc Mohimont5Alexis V. Nathanail6Edoardo Carnessechi7Maria Chiara Astuto8Jose V. Tarazona9George E. N. Kass10Antoine K. Djien Liem11Tobin Robinson12Paola Manini13Christer Hogstrand14Paul S. Price15Jean Lou C. M. Dorne16Methodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London SE1 9NH, UKUnit of Dermatology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettin 60, 20132 Milan, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyPlant Health and Pesticide Residues Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyiDATA Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyChief Scientist Office, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyPlant Health and Pesticide Residues Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyFeed and Contaminants Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London SE1 9NH, UKRetired United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), 6408 Hoover Trail Road S.W., Cedar Rapids, IA 52404, USAMethodology and Scientific Support Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43216 Parma, ItalyHuman health and animal health risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals use the same steps as single-substance risk assessment, namely problem formulation, exposure assessment, hazard assessment and risk characterisation. The main unique feature of combined RA is the assessment of combined exposure, toxicity and risk. Recently, the Scientific Committee of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published two relevant guidance documents. The first one “Harmonised methodologies for the human health, animal health and ecological risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals” provides principles and explores methodologies for all steps of risk assessment together with a reporting table. This guidance supports also the default assumption that dose addition is applied for combined toxicity of the chemicals unless evidence for response addition or interactions (antagonism or synergism) is available. The second guidance document provides an account of the scientific criteria to group chemicals in assessment groups using hazard-driven criteria and prioritisation methods, i.e., exposure-driven and risk-based approaches. This manuscript describes such principles, provides a brief description of EFSA’s guidance documents, examples of applications in the human health and animal health area and concludes with a discussion on future challenges in this field.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/1/40risk assessmenthuman healthanimal healthcombined exposuremultiple chemicalsharmonised methodologies |
| spellingShingle | Irene Cattaneo Alexander D. Kalian Matteo R. Di Nicola Bruno Dujardin Sara Levorato Luc Mohimont Alexis V. Nathanail Edoardo Carnessechi Maria Chiara Astuto Jose V. Tarazona George E. N. Kass Antoine K. Djien Liem Tobin Robinson Paola Manini Christer Hogstrand Paul S. Price Jean Lou C. M. Dorne Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges Toxins risk assessment human health animal health combined exposure multiple chemicals harmonised methodologies |
| title | Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges |
| title_full | Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges |
| title_fullStr | Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges |
| title_short | Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges |
| title_sort | risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals at the european food safety authority principles guidance documents applications and future challenges |
| topic | risk assessment human health animal health combined exposure multiple chemicals harmonised methodologies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/15/1/40 |
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