Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients
The primary aim of this study was to reveal the effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on motor function, proprioception, balance, and gait ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). The secondary aim was to determine the correlation between clinical outcomes....
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/10/1281 |
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| author | Ji Cheol Shin Ha Ra Jeon Dahn Kim Sung Il Cho Won Kyu Min June Sung Lee Da Som Oh Jeehyun Yoo |
| author_facet | Ji Cheol Shin Ha Ra Jeon Dahn Kim Sung Il Cho Won Kyu Min June Sung Lee Da Som Oh Jeehyun Yoo |
| author_sort | Ji Cheol Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The primary aim of this study was to reveal the effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on motor function, proprioception, balance, and gait ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). The secondary aim was to determine the correlation between clinical outcomes. This study was a prospective and multi-center study. A total of 13 incomplete SCI patients who met inclusion criteria received 30 min of RAGT with Morning Walk<sup>®</sup> (Curexo, Seoul, South Korea), and 1 h of conventional physiotherapy 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Clinical outcome measures were 10 m walk test (10MWT), 6 min walk test (6mWT), lower extremity motor score (LEMS), proprioception, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI)-II. All participants were assessed within 48 h before and after the intervention. All clinical outcomes were statistically improved after RAGT. Subgroup analysis according to the initial proprioception, WISCI-II in the normal group showed a statistically significant improvement compared to the abnormal group. Initial BBS and WISCI-II had a positive correlation with most of the final clinical outcomes. The final BBS had a strong positive correlation with the final 10MWT, 6mWT, and WISCI-II. Initial proprioception had a positive correlation with the final WISCI-II. The final proprioception also had a moderate positive correlation with 6mWT and BBS. This study’s results suggest that the end-effector RAGT could promote proprioception, balance ability and walking ability. Postural control ability and proprioception also had a positive relationship with gait ability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:41:41Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:41:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a21cd82768b949eb9121751440af16d72023-11-22T17:36:43ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252021-09-011110128110.3390/brainsci11101281Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury PatientsJi Cheol Shin0Ha Ra Jeon1Dahn Kim2Sung Il Cho3Won Kyu Min4June Sung Lee5Da Som Oh6Jeehyun Yoo7Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan-ro 100, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10444, KoreaDepartment and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, KoreaRehabilitation Center, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Juhwa-ro 170, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si 10380, KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan-ro 100, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10444, KoreaInje Industry, Academic Cooperation Foundation, Inje-ro 197, Gimhae-si 50834, KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Juhwa-ro 170, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si 10380, KoreaThe primary aim of this study was to reveal the effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on motor function, proprioception, balance, and gait ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). The secondary aim was to determine the correlation between clinical outcomes. This study was a prospective and multi-center study. A total of 13 incomplete SCI patients who met inclusion criteria received 30 min of RAGT with Morning Walk<sup>®</sup> (Curexo, Seoul, South Korea), and 1 h of conventional physiotherapy 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Clinical outcome measures were 10 m walk test (10MWT), 6 min walk test (6mWT), lower extremity motor score (LEMS), proprioception, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI)-II. All participants were assessed within 48 h before and after the intervention. All clinical outcomes were statistically improved after RAGT. Subgroup analysis according to the initial proprioception, WISCI-II in the normal group showed a statistically significant improvement compared to the abnormal group. Initial BBS and WISCI-II had a positive correlation with most of the final clinical outcomes. The final BBS had a strong positive correlation with the final 10MWT, 6mWT, and WISCI-II. Initial proprioception had a positive correlation with the final WISCI-II. The final proprioception also had a moderate positive correlation with 6mWT and BBS. This study’s results suggest that the end-effector RAGT could promote proprioception, balance ability and walking ability. Postural control ability and proprioception also had a positive relationship with gait ability.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/10/1281roboticsrobot-assisted gait trainingspinal cord injuriesproprioceptionpostural balance |
| spellingShingle | Ji Cheol Shin Ha Ra Jeon Dahn Kim Sung Il Cho Won Kyu Min June Sung Lee Da Som Oh Jeehyun Yoo Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients Brain Sciences robotics robot-assisted gait training spinal cord injuries proprioception postural balance |
| title | Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
| title_full | Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
| title_fullStr | Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
| title_short | Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
| title_sort | effects on the motor function proprioception balance and gait ability of the end effector robot assisted gait training for spinal cord injury patients |
| topic | robotics robot-assisted gait training spinal cord injuries proprioception postural balance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/10/1281 |
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