Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India
Cholera outbreaks are prevalent in countries with a low Human Development Index (HDI) where people have limited access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Intriguingly, the state of Kerala which records the highest HDI in India is endemic to cholera. We discuss the epidemiology of...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| author | Kiran Krishna Abdulaziz Anas Sreelakshmi Parakkaparambil Kuttan Syamkumar Vijayakumar Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil Beena Philomina Sobha Kurien |
| author_facet | Kiran Krishna Abdulaziz Anas Sreelakshmi Parakkaparambil Kuttan Syamkumar Vijayakumar Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil Beena Philomina Sobha Kurien |
| author_sort | Kiran Krishna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cholera outbreaks are prevalent in countries with a low Human Development Index (HDI) where people have limited access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Intriguingly, the state of Kerala which records the highest HDI in India is endemic to cholera. We discuss the epidemiology of a cholera outbreak reported among migrant workers of Kerala in 2017. Virulence genes of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, <i>toxR</i> and <i>ctxA</i>, were detected in the river and ground water samples collected from the outbreaks sites which indicates need of enhanced awareness on WASH practices among migrant workers. The pathogenic <i>Vibrio cholerae </i>isolated from four patients in two districts had a similar DNA band pattern when analysed using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX), which indicates their single clonal origin. The four isolates were serotyped as O1 Ogawa. These isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics including the carbapenem like imipenem. Nevertheless, isolates of these pathogenic bacteria were susceptible to tetracycline, identical to clinical isolates of <i>Vibrio cholera</i> reported earlier from this region. The current study highlights the importance of generating awareness on WASH protocols among migrant workers to prevent the outbreaks and considers community-based data as socioeconomic variable to predict the incidence of cholera. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a220db800dec4d12bc8d775274d2ce42 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-3900 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj.art-a220db800dec4d12bc8d775274d2ce422023-12-03T12:43:14ZengMDPI AGProceedings2504-39002021-01-016612610.3390/proceedings2020066026Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South IndiaKiran Krishna0Abdulaziz Anas1Sreelakshmi Parakkaparambil Kuttan2Syamkumar Vijayakumar3Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil4Beena Philomina5Sobha Kurien6Regional Centre, CSIR—National Institute of Oceanography, Cochin, Kerala 682 018, IndiaRegional Centre, CSIR—National Institute of Oceanography, Cochin, Kerala 682 018, IndiaRegional Centre, CSIR—National Institute of Oceanography, Cochin, Kerala 682 018, IndiaRegional Centre, CSIR—National Institute of Oceanography, Cochin, Kerala 682 018, IndiaRegional Centre, CSIR—National Institute of Oceanography, Cochin, Kerala 682 018, IndiaMicrobiology Department, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala 6730 08, IndiaMicrobiology Department, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala 686 008, IndiaCholera outbreaks are prevalent in countries with a low Human Development Index (HDI) where people have limited access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Intriguingly, the state of Kerala which records the highest HDI in India is endemic to cholera. We discuss the epidemiology of a cholera outbreak reported among migrant workers of Kerala in 2017. Virulence genes of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, <i>toxR</i> and <i>ctxA</i>, were detected in the river and ground water samples collected from the outbreaks sites which indicates need of enhanced awareness on WASH practices among migrant workers. The pathogenic <i>Vibrio cholerae </i>isolated from four patients in two districts had a similar DNA band pattern when analysed using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX), which indicates their single clonal origin. The four isolates were serotyped as O1 Ogawa. These isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics including the carbapenem like imipenem. Nevertheless, isolates of these pathogenic bacteria were susceptible to tetracycline, identical to clinical isolates of <i>Vibrio cholera</i> reported earlier from this region. The current study highlights the importance of generating awareness on WASH protocols among migrant workers to prevent the outbreaks and considers community-based data as socioeconomic variable to predict the incidence of cholera.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/66/1/26choleraantibiotic resistanceepidemiologyoutbreakmigration |
| spellingShingle | Kiran Krishna Abdulaziz Anas Sreelakshmi Parakkaparambil Kuttan Syamkumar Vijayakumar Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil Beena Philomina Sobha Kurien Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India Proceedings cholera antibiotic resistance epidemiology outbreak migration |
| title | Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India |
| title_full | Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India |
| title_fullStr | Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India |
| title_short | Multiple Drug-Resistant <i>Vibrio Cholerae</i> Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India |
| title_sort | multiple drug resistant i vibrio cholerae i responsible for cholera outbreak among migrant domestic workers in kerala south india |
| topic | cholera antibiotic resistance epidemiology outbreak migration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/66/1/26 |
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