Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)
The <i>COBRA-like</i> (<i>COBL</i>) gene family has been associated with the regulation of cell wall expansion and cellulose deposition. <i>COBL</i> mutants result in reduced levels and disorganized deposition of cellulose causing defects in the cell wall and inhi...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/167 |
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| author | Sara Sangi Paula M. Araújo Fernanda S. Coelho Rajesh K. Gazara Fabrício Almeida-Silva Thiago M. Venancio Clicia Grativol |
| author_facet | Sara Sangi Paula M. Araújo Fernanda S. Coelho Rajesh K. Gazara Fabrício Almeida-Silva Thiago M. Venancio Clicia Grativol |
| author_sort | Sara Sangi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The <i>COBRA-like</i> (<i>COBL</i>) gene family has been associated with the regulation of cell wall expansion and cellulose deposition. <i>COBL</i> mutants result in reduced levels and disorganized deposition of cellulose causing defects in the cell wall and inhibiting plant development. In this study, we report the identification of 24 <i>COBL</i> genes (<i>GmCOBL</i>) in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the <i>COBL</i> proteins are divided into two groups, which differ by about 170 amino acids in the N-terminal region. The <i>GmCOBL</i> genes were heterogeneously distributed in 14 of the 20 soybean chromosomes. This study showed that segmental duplication has contributed significantly to the expansion of the <i>COBL</i> family in soybean during all <i>Glycine</i>-specific whole-genome duplication events. The expression profile revealed that the expression of the paralogous genes is highly variable between organs and tissues of the plant. Only 20% of the paralogous gene pairs showed similar expression patterns. The high expression levels of some <i>GmCOBLs</i> suggest they are likely essential for regulating cell expansion during the whole soybean life cycle. Our comprehensive overview of the <i>COBL</i> gene family in soybean provides useful information for further understanding the evolution and diversification of <i>COBL</i> genes in soybean. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:34:09Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:34:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a22acb87d0f844f79b2c65f2c76b383a2023-12-03T13:31:26ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-01-0110116710.3390/plants10010167Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)Sara Sangi0Paula M. Araújo1Fernanda S. Coelho2Rajesh K. Gazara3Fabrício Almeida-Silva4Thiago M. Venancio5Clicia Grativol6Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilCentro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, BrazilThe <i>COBRA-like</i> (<i>COBL</i>) gene family has been associated with the regulation of cell wall expansion and cellulose deposition. <i>COBL</i> mutants result in reduced levels and disorganized deposition of cellulose causing defects in the cell wall and inhibiting plant development. In this study, we report the identification of 24 <i>COBL</i> genes (<i>GmCOBL</i>) in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the <i>COBL</i> proteins are divided into two groups, which differ by about 170 amino acids in the N-terminal region. The <i>GmCOBL</i> genes were heterogeneously distributed in 14 of the 20 soybean chromosomes. This study showed that segmental duplication has contributed significantly to the expansion of the <i>COBL</i> family in soybean during all <i>Glycine</i>-specific whole-genome duplication events. The expression profile revealed that the expression of the paralogous genes is highly variable between organs and tissues of the plant. Only 20% of the paralogous gene pairs showed similar expression patterns. The high expression levels of some <i>GmCOBLs</i> suggest they are likely essential for regulating cell expansion during the whole soybean life cycle. Our comprehensive overview of the <i>COBL</i> gene family in soybean provides useful information for further understanding the evolution and diversification of <i>COBL</i> genes in soybean.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/167<i>COBRA</i> genescell wall dynamicsGPI-anchored proteinscellulosegene duplicationtranscription factors |
| spellingShingle | Sara Sangi Paula M. Araújo Fernanda S. Coelho Rajesh K. Gazara Fabrício Almeida-Silva Thiago M. Venancio Clicia Grativol Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) Plants <i>COBRA</i> genes cell wall dynamics GPI-anchored proteins cellulose gene duplication transcription factors |
| title | Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Analysis of the <i>COBRA-Like</i> Gene Family Supports Gene Expansion through Whole-Genome Duplication in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) |
| title_sort | genome wide analysis of the i cobra like i gene family supports gene expansion through whole genome duplication in soybean i glycine max i |
| topic | <i>COBRA</i> genes cell wall dynamics GPI-anchored proteins cellulose gene duplication transcription factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/167 |
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