Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage
Kombucha is a traditional beverage of sweetened black tea fermented with a symbiotic association of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. In this study, kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) appeared to include nine chemical groups (alcohols, acids, lactones, condensed heterocyclic compounds, antibiotics, es...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/16/5026 |
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| author | Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ahmed A. Ismaiel Rehab A. Ibrahim Ahmed H. Moustafa Azza Abou Zeid Gamal Enan |
| author_facet | Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ahmed A. Ismaiel Rehab A. Ibrahim Ahmed H. Moustafa Azza Abou Zeid Gamal Enan |
| author_sort | Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kombucha is a traditional beverage of sweetened black tea fermented with a symbiotic association of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. In this study, kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) appeared to include nine chemical groups (alcohols, acids, lactones, condensed heterocyclic compounds, antibiotics, esters, aldehydes, fatty acids, and alkaloids) of many bioactive metabolites, as elucidated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and IR spectra. The fermented metabolic components of KFB seem collectively to act in a synergistic action giving rise to the antimicrobial activity. Four types of kombucha preparations (fermented, neutralized, heat-treated and unfermented) were demonstrated with respect to their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains using agar well diffusion assay. KFB exerted the strongest antimicrobial activities when compared with neutralized and heat-treated kombucha beverages (NKB and HKB). <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC6538 (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC11229 (<i>E. coli</i>) were the organisms most susceptible to the antimicrobial activity of kombucha beverage preparations. Finally, the KFB preparation showed remarkable inhibitory activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria in a brain heart infusion broth and in some Egyptian fruit juices (apple, guava, strawberry, and tomato). These data reveal that kombucha is not only a prophylactic agent, but also appears to be promising as a safe alternative biopreservative, offering protection against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:32:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a22dde05ca954042888a42c795b71789 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:32:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a22dde05ca954042888a42c795b717892023-11-22T08:55:32ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-08-012616502610.3390/molecules26165026Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented BeverageAbdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi0Ahmed A. Ismaiel1Rehab A. Ibrahim2Ahmed H. Moustafa3Azza Abou Zeid4Gamal Enan5Department of Sciences, King Khalid Military Academy, Riyadh 11459, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptKombucha is a traditional beverage of sweetened black tea fermented with a symbiotic association of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. In this study, kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) appeared to include nine chemical groups (alcohols, acids, lactones, condensed heterocyclic compounds, antibiotics, esters, aldehydes, fatty acids, and alkaloids) of many bioactive metabolites, as elucidated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and IR spectra. The fermented metabolic components of KFB seem collectively to act in a synergistic action giving rise to the antimicrobial activity. Four types of kombucha preparations (fermented, neutralized, heat-treated and unfermented) were demonstrated with respect to their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains using agar well diffusion assay. KFB exerted the strongest antimicrobial activities when compared with neutralized and heat-treated kombucha beverages (NKB and HKB). <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC6538 (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC11229 (<i>E. coli</i>) were the organisms most susceptible to the antimicrobial activity of kombucha beverage preparations. Finally, the KFB preparation showed remarkable inhibitory activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria in a brain heart infusion broth and in some Egyptian fruit juices (apple, guava, strawberry, and tomato). These data reveal that kombucha is not only a prophylactic agent, but also appears to be promising as a safe alternative biopreservative, offering protection against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/16/5026kombucha teakombucha fermented beverage (KFB)GC-MS analysispathogenic bacteria and fungiantimicrobial activityEgyptian fruit juices |
| spellingShingle | Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ahmed A. Ismaiel Rehab A. Ibrahim Ahmed H. Moustafa Azza Abou Zeid Gamal Enan Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage Molecules kombucha tea kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) GC-MS analysis pathogenic bacteria and fungi antimicrobial activity Egyptian fruit juices |
| title | Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage |
| title_full | Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage |
| title_short | Chemical Constitution and Antimicrobial Activity of Kombucha Fermented Beverage |
| title_sort | chemical constitution and antimicrobial activity of kombucha fermented beverage |
| topic | kombucha tea kombucha fermented beverage (KFB) GC-MS analysis pathogenic bacteria and fungi antimicrobial activity Egyptian fruit juices |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/16/5026 |
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