Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species
The visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans. Throughout vertebrate phylogeny, the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis: the retinal progeni...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2021;volume=16;issue=1;spage=16;epage=20;aulast=Alvarez-Hernan |
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| author | Guadalupe Alvarez-Hernan José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez Yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín Rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo |
| author_facet | Guadalupe Alvarez-Hernan José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez Yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín Rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo |
| author_sort | Guadalupe Alvarez-Hernan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans. Throughout vertebrate phylogeny, the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis: the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone and Müller glia. The proliferative activity in the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone in precocial birds such as the chicken, the commonest bird model used in developmental and regenerative studies, is very low. This region adds only a few retinal cells to the peripheral edge of the retina during several months after hatching, but does not seem to be involved in retinal regeneration. Müller cells in the chicken retina are not proliferative under physiological conditions, but after acute damage some of them undergo a reprogramming event, dedifferentiating into retinal stem cells and generating new retinal neurons. Therefore, regenerative response after injury occurs with low efficiency in the precocial avian retina. In contrast, it has recently been shown that neurogenesis is intense in the retina of altricial birds at hatching. In particular, abundant proliferative activity is detected both in the circumferential marginal zone and in the outer half of the inner nuclear layer. Therefore, stem cell niches are very active in the retina of altricial birds. Although more extensive research is needed to assess the potential of proliferating cells in the adult retina of altricial birds, it emerges as an attractive model for studying different aspects of neurogenesis and neural regeneration in vertebrates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:19:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2391008e20f4cc890950b34b9581b6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1673-5374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:19:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2391008e20f4cc890950b34b9581b6f2022-12-22T03:55:45ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742021-01-01161162010.4103/1673-5374.286947Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird speciesGuadalupe Alvarez-HernanJosé Antonio de Mera-RodríguezYolanda GañánJorge Solana-FajardoGervasio Martín-PartidoJoaquín Rodríguez-LeónJavier Francisco-MorcilloThe visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans. Throughout vertebrate phylogeny, the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis: the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone and Müller glia. The proliferative activity in the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone in precocial birds such as the chicken, the commonest bird model used in developmental and regenerative studies, is very low. This region adds only a few retinal cells to the peripheral edge of the retina during several months after hatching, but does not seem to be involved in retinal regeneration. Müller cells in the chicken retina are not proliferative under physiological conditions, but after acute damage some of them undergo a reprogramming event, dedifferentiating into retinal stem cells and generating new retinal neurons. Therefore, regenerative response after injury occurs with low efficiency in the precocial avian retina. In contrast, it has recently been shown that neurogenesis is intense in the retina of altricial birds at hatching. In particular, abundant proliferative activity is detected both in the circumferential marginal zone and in the outer half of the inner nuclear layer. Therefore, stem cell niches are very active in the retina of altricial birds. Although more extensive research is needed to assess the potential of proliferating cells in the adult retina of altricial birds, it emerges as an attractive model for studying different aspects of neurogenesis and neural regeneration in vertebrates.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2021;volume=16;issue=1;spage=16;epage=20;aulast=Alvarez-Hernanaltricial; birds; circumferential marginal zone; müller glia; postnatal neurogenesis; precocial regeneration; retinogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Guadalupe Alvarez-Hernan José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez Yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín Rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species Neural Regeneration Research altricial; birds; circumferential marginal zone; müller glia; postnatal neurogenesis; precocial regeneration; retinogenesis |
| title | Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| title_full | Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| title_fullStr | Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| title_short | Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| title_sort | development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species |
| topic | altricial; birds; circumferential marginal zone; müller glia; postnatal neurogenesis; precocial regeneration; retinogenesis |
| url | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2021;volume=16;issue=1;spage=16;epage=20;aulast=Alvarez-Hernan |
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