Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize
Distribution of phenolics in Indian dent and flint yellow maize was analyzed. HPLC and ESI-MS/MS results indicated that germ of maize samples contained significantly higher free phenolic acids than pericarp whereas, pericarp contained more bound phenolics. Free and bound phenolic acids in pericarp,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2015-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Foods |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175646461500016X |
| _version_ | 1818417877206695936 |
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| author | Amit K. Das Vasudeva Singh |
| author_facet | Amit K. Das Vasudeva Singh |
| author_sort | Amit K. Das |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Distribution of phenolics in Indian dent and flint yellow maize was analyzed. HPLC and ESI-MS/MS results indicated that germ of maize samples contained significantly higher free phenolic acids than pericarp whereas, pericarp contained more bound phenolics. Free and bound phenolic acids in pericarp, germ and endosperm of dent maize were 267.5 ± 28.9 and 4329.6 ± 221.5; 468.7 ± 23.0 and 3428.6 ± 101.2; 6.2 ± 0.6 and 172.0 ± 11.1 µg/g, respectively, whereas in flint corn these values were 157.9 ± 27.4 and 5523.3 ± 292.2; 262.3 ± 20.8 and 1341.9 ± 80.6; 19.3 ± 1.3 and 224.0 ± 14.6 µg/g, respectively. Vanillic, syringic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuric, caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acids were detected among phenolic acids. Among flavonoids, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol and quercetin were also detected in trace amounts in the yellow maize. The pattern of radical scavenging by bound phenolic extract of pericarps varied between the samples. Peroxide scavenging and reducing capacity of botanical fractions also varied similarly. Free phenolics contributed 0.6–1.7, 5–15 and 46–60% to the anti-radical, peroxide scavenging and reducing capacity, respectively. Among lipophilic tocochromanols, γ-tocopherol was the most abundant homolog and varied significantly in its content for dent (29.4 ± 8.7 µg/g) and flint maize (63.2 ± 7.5 µg/g). Data show that dent and flint maize hold promise for the development of whole grain functional foods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:13:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a23e04d66ebf481d8bf00002cb5c5f66 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-4646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T12:13:45Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Functional Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-a23e04d66ebf481d8bf00002cb5c5f662022-12-21T23:01:41ZengElsevierJournal of Functional Foods1756-46462015-03-0113363374Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maizeAmit K. Das0Vasudeva Singh1Department of Grain Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, IndiaDepartment of Grain Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India; Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangothri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, India; Corresponding author. Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition Manasagangothri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, India. Tel.: +91 901992971; fax: +91 821-2419632.Distribution of phenolics in Indian dent and flint yellow maize was analyzed. HPLC and ESI-MS/MS results indicated that germ of maize samples contained significantly higher free phenolic acids than pericarp whereas, pericarp contained more bound phenolics. Free and bound phenolic acids in pericarp, germ and endosperm of dent maize were 267.5 ± 28.9 and 4329.6 ± 221.5; 468.7 ± 23.0 and 3428.6 ± 101.2; 6.2 ± 0.6 and 172.0 ± 11.1 µg/g, respectively, whereas in flint corn these values were 157.9 ± 27.4 and 5523.3 ± 292.2; 262.3 ± 20.8 and 1341.9 ± 80.6; 19.3 ± 1.3 and 224.0 ± 14.6 µg/g, respectively. Vanillic, syringic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuric, caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acids were detected among phenolic acids. Among flavonoids, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol and quercetin were also detected in trace amounts in the yellow maize. The pattern of radical scavenging by bound phenolic extract of pericarps varied between the samples. Peroxide scavenging and reducing capacity of botanical fractions also varied similarly. Free phenolics contributed 0.6–1.7, 5–15 and 46–60% to the anti-radical, peroxide scavenging and reducing capacity, respectively. Among lipophilic tocochromanols, γ-tocopherol was the most abundant homolog and varied significantly in its content for dent (29.4 ± 8.7 µg/g) and flint maize (63.2 ± 7.5 µg/g). Data show that dent and flint maize hold promise for the development of whole grain functional foods.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175646461500016XDent maizeFlint maizePhenolic acidsFlavonoidsAntioxidantTocochromanols |
| spellingShingle | Amit K. Das Vasudeva Singh Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize Journal of Functional Foods Dent maize Flint maize Phenolic acids Flavonoids Antioxidant Tocochromanols |
| title | Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize |
| title_full | Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize |
| title_short | Antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp, germ and endosperm of Indian dent (Zea mays var. indentata) and flint (Zea mays var. indurata) maize |
| title_sort | antioxidative free and bound phenolic constituents in pericarp germ and endosperm of indian dent zea mays var indentata and flint zea mays var indurata maize |
| topic | Dent maize Flint maize Phenolic acids Flavonoids Antioxidant Tocochromanols |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175646461500016X |
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