The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review
Ticks are widely distributed across the globe, serving as hosts for numerous pathogens that make them major contributors to zoonotic parasitosis. <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> is a bacterial species that causes an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease known as Lyme borreliosis. The role of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2412 |
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| author | Sabir Hussain Abrar Hussain Umair Aziz Baolin Song Jehan Zeb David George Jun Li Olivier Sparagano |
| author_facet | Sabir Hussain Abrar Hussain Umair Aziz Baolin Song Jehan Zeb David George Jun Li Olivier Sparagano |
| author_sort | Sabir Hussain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ticks are widely distributed across the globe, serving as hosts for numerous pathogens that make them major contributors to zoonotic parasitosis. <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> is a bacterial species that causes an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease known as Lyme borreliosis. The role of ticks in the transmission of this pathogen was explored in this study. According to this systematic review, undertaken according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 19 tick species are known to carry <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, with more than half of the recorded cases in the last two decades related to <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> and <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> ticks. Forty-six studies from four continents, Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa, reported this pathogen in ticks collected from vegetation, animals, and humans. This study highlights an increasing distribution of tick-associated <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, likely driven by accelerated tick population increases in response to climate change coupled with tick dispersal via migratory birds. This updated catalogue helps in compiling all tick species responsible for the transmission of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> across the globe. Gaps in research exist on <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in continents such as Asia and Africa, and in considering environmentally friendly vector control strategies in Europe and North America. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:32:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a24104213c1d4f45a0b3b0f6221edc41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:32:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-a24104213c1d4f45a0b3b0f6221edc412023-11-23T09:37:34ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-11-01912241210.3390/microorganisms9122412The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic ReviewSabir Hussain0Abrar Hussain1Umair Aziz2Baolin Song3Jehan Zeb4David George5Jun Li6Olivier Sparagano7Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54600, PakistanDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaTicks are widely distributed across the globe, serving as hosts for numerous pathogens that make them major contributors to zoonotic parasitosis. <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> is a bacterial species that causes an emerging zoonotic tick-borne disease known as Lyme borreliosis. The role of ticks in the transmission of this pathogen was explored in this study. According to this systematic review, undertaken according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 19 tick species are known to carry <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, with more than half of the recorded cases in the last two decades related to <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> and <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> ticks. Forty-six studies from four continents, Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa, reported this pathogen in ticks collected from vegetation, animals, and humans. This study highlights an increasing distribution of tick-associated <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>, likely driven by accelerated tick population increases in response to climate change coupled with tick dispersal via migratory birds. This updated catalogue helps in compiling all tick species responsible for the transmission of <i>B. burgdorferi</i> across the globe. Gaps in research exist on <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> in continents such as Asia and Africa, and in considering environmentally friendly vector control strategies in Europe and North America.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2412tickstick-borne disease<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>Lyme diseasezoonosescontrol |
| spellingShingle | Sabir Hussain Abrar Hussain Umair Aziz Baolin Song Jehan Zeb David George Jun Li Olivier Sparagano The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review Microorganisms ticks tick-borne disease <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Lyme disease zoonoses control |
| title | The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review |
| title_full | The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review |
| title_short | The Role of Ticks in the Emergence of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> as a Zoonotic Pathogen and Its Vector Control: A Global Systemic Review |
| title_sort | role of ticks in the emergence of i borrelia burgdorferi i as a zoonotic pathogen and its vector control a global systemic review |
| topic | ticks tick-borne disease <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Lyme disease zoonoses control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2412 |
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