Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small, defective RNA virus that depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for virion assembly and transmission. It replicates within the nucleus of hepatocytes and interacts with several cellular proteins. Chronic hepatitis D is a severe and progressive disease, leading to cirr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/5/830 |
| _version_ | 1797535306263560192 |
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| author | Patrizia Farci Grazia Anna Niro Fausto Zamboni Giacomo Diaz |
| author_facet | Patrizia Farci Grazia Anna Niro Fausto Zamboni Giacomo Diaz |
| author_sort | Patrizia Farci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small, defective RNA virus that depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for virion assembly and transmission. It replicates within the nucleus of hepatocytes and interacts with several cellular proteins. Chronic hepatitis D is a severe and progressive disease, leading to cirrhosis in up to 80% of cases. A high proportion of patients die of liver decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the lack of large prospective studies has made it difficult to precisely define the rate of these long-term complications. In particular, the question of whether HDV is an oncogenic virus has been a matter of debate. Studies conducted over the past decade provided evidence that HDV is associated with a significantly higher risk of developing HCC compared to HBV monoinfection. However, the mechanisms whereby HDV promotes liver cancer remain elusive. Recent data have demonstrated that the molecular profile of HCC-HDV is unique and distinct from that of HBV-HCC, with an enrichment of upregulated genes involved in cell-cycle/DNA replication, and DNA damage and repair, which point to genome instability as an important mechanism of HDV hepatocarcinogenesis. These data suggest that HBV and HDV promote carcinogenesis by distinct molecular mechanisms despite the obligatory dependence of HDV on HBV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:42:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a25027616e74445fa9216f264592b49f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:42:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-a25027616e74445fa9216f264592b49f2023-11-21T18:21:13ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-05-0113583010.3390/v13050830Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular CarcinomaPatrizia Farci0Grazia Anna Niro1Fausto Zamboni2Giacomo Diaz3Hepatic Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAGastroenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, ItalyLiver Transplantation Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, 09134 Cagliari, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyHepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small, defective RNA virus that depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for virion assembly and transmission. It replicates within the nucleus of hepatocytes and interacts with several cellular proteins. Chronic hepatitis D is a severe and progressive disease, leading to cirrhosis in up to 80% of cases. A high proportion of patients die of liver decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the lack of large prospective studies has made it difficult to precisely define the rate of these long-term complications. In particular, the question of whether HDV is an oncogenic virus has been a matter of debate. Studies conducted over the past decade provided evidence that HDV is associated with a significantly higher risk of developing HCC compared to HBV monoinfection. However, the mechanisms whereby HDV promotes liver cancer remain elusive. Recent data have demonstrated that the molecular profile of HCC-HDV is unique and distinct from that of HBV-HCC, with an enrichment of upregulated genes involved in cell-cycle/DNA replication, and DNA damage and repair, which point to genome instability as an important mechanism of HDV hepatocarcinogenesis. These data suggest that HBV and HDV promote carcinogenesis by distinct molecular mechanisms despite the obligatory dependence of HDV on HBV.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/5/830Hepatitis D viruscirrhosishepatocellular carcinomaHBV replicationHDV replicationtranscriptomics |
| spellingShingle | Patrizia Farci Grazia Anna Niro Fausto Zamboni Giacomo Diaz Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Viruses Hepatitis D virus cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma HBV replication HDV replication transcriptomics |
| title | Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full | Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_short | Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| title_sort | hepatitis d virus and hepatocellular carcinoma |
| topic | Hepatitis D virus cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma HBV replication HDV replication transcriptomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/5/830 |
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