Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study
BackgroundInfections may play a role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).ObjectiveTo assess the link between Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia) infection and the incidence of SLE.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study, which identified 116,043 hospitalized patients wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.815136/full |
| _version_ | 1818060674730819584 |
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| author | Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Ting-Yun Ou Wei-Hsin Hung Jie Sung Weishan Chen Cheng-Li Lin Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei |
| author_facet | Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Ting-Yun Ou Wei-Hsin Hung Jie Sung Weishan Chen Cheng-Li Lin Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei |
| author_sort | Kuo-An Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInfections may play a role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).ObjectiveTo assess the link between Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia) infection and the incidence of SLE.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study, which identified 116,043 hospitalized patients with M. pneumoniae between 2000 and 2012 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and compared them with 447,839 matched inpatients who had never been diagnosed with M. pneumonia infection (at a 1:4 ratio, matched by age, gender, and index year). Their comparative risk of developing SLE was evaluated. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the initial diagnosis of M. pneumonia infection to the date of SLE diagnosis, or December 31, 2013. The incidence rates of SLE were assessed in people with and without M. pneumoniae infection. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with the uninfected group used as the reference.ResultsThe adjusted HR of SLE for the M. pneumoniae group was 2.97 with 95% CI = 2.18–4.05 compared with the uninfected group. The risk was most significantly higher within 0.5 years after the M. pneumoniae infection with an adjusted HR of 6.18 (95% CI = 3.82–9.97, p < 0.01). The adjusted HR for SLE from 0.5 to 2 years and from 2 to 5 years after M. pneumoniae infection was 1.59 (95% CI = 0.70–3.59, p = 0.27) and 2.42 (95% CI = 1.22–4.81, p = 0.01), respectively.ConclusionThe incidence of SLE was significantly higher in subjects infected with M. pneumoniae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:36:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a25226080d7a4f438e3ef3705e31e314 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T13:36:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a25226080d7a4f438e3ef3705e31e3142022-12-22T01:46:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.815136815136Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort StudyKuo-An Chu0Kuo-An Chu1Kuo-An Chu2Ting-Yun Ou3Wei-Hsin Hung4Jie Sung5Weishan Chen6Cheng-Li Lin7Yao-Min Hung8Yao-Min Hung9Yao-Min Hung10Yao-Min Hung11James Cheng-Chung Wei12James Cheng-Chung Wei13James Cheng-Chung Wei14Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, TaiwanInstitute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDivision of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanManagement Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanManagement Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung, TaiwanCollege of Health and Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, TaiwanInstitute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan0Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan1Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, TaiwanBackgroundInfections may play a role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).ObjectiveTo assess the link between Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia) infection and the incidence of SLE.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study, which identified 116,043 hospitalized patients with M. pneumoniae between 2000 and 2012 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and compared them with 447,839 matched inpatients who had never been diagnosed with M. pneumonia infection (at a 1:4 ratio, matched by age, gender, and index year). Their comparative risk of developing SLE was evaluated. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the initial diagnosis of M. pneumonia infection to the date of SLE diagnosis, or December 31, 2013. The incidence rates of SLE were assessed in people with and without M. pneumoniae infection. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with the uninfected group used as the reference.ResultsThe adjusted HR of SLE for the M. pneumoniae group was 2.97 with 95% CI = 2.18–4.05 compared with the uninfected group. The risk was most significantly higher within 0.5 years after the M. pneumoniae infection with an adjusted HR of 6.18 (95% CI = 3.82–9.97, p < 0.01). The adjusted HR for SLE from 0.5 to 2 years and from 2 to 5 years after M. pneumoniae infection was 1.59 (95% CI = 0.70–3.59, p = 0.27) and 2.42 (95% CI = 1.22–4.81, p = 0.01), respectively.ConclusionThe incidence of SLE was significantly higher in subjects infected with M. pneumoniae.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.815136/fullMycoplasma pneumonia infectionsystemic lupus erythematosusrisk factorcohort studyautoimmune disease |
| spellingShingle | Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Kuo-An Chu Ting-Yun Ou Wei-Hsin Hung Jie Sung Weishan Chen Cheng-Li Lin Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung Yao-Min Hung James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei James Cheng-Chung Wei Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study Frontiers in Microbiology Mycoplasma pneumonia infection systemic lupus erythematosus risk factor cohort study autoimmune disease |
| title | Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Mycoplasma pneumonia Infection Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | mycoplasma pneumonia infection is associated with an increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus a nationwide retrospective cohort study |
| topic | Mycoplasma pneumonia infection systemic lupus erythematosus risk factor cohort study autoimmune disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.815136/full |
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