Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam
In the framework of the generalized Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT), the optical force and torque on a graphene-coated gold nanosphere by a vector Bessel beam are investigated. The core of the particle is gold, whose dielectric function is given by the Drude–Sommerfeld model, and the coating is multilayer...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/3/456 |
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| author | Bing Yan Xiulan Ling Renxian Li Jianyong Zhang Chenhua Liu |
| author_facet | Bing Yan Xiulan Ling Renxian Li Jianyong Zhang Chenhua Liu |
| author_sort | Bing Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the framework of the generalized Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT), the optical force and torque on a graphene-coated gold nanosphere by a vector Bessel beam are investigated. The core of the particle is gold, whose dielectric function is given by the Drude–Sommerfeld model, and the coating is multilayer graphene with layer number <i>N</i>, whose dielectric function is described by the Lorentz–Drude model. The axial optical force <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>F</mi><mi>z</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and torque <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>z</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> are numerically analyzed, and the effects of the layer number <i>N</i>, wavelength <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and beam parameters (half-cone angle <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, polarization, and order <i>l</i>) are mainly discussed. Numerical results show that the optical force and torque peaks can be adjusted by increasing the thickness of the graphene coating, and can not be adjusted by changing <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>l</i>. However, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>l</i> can change the magnitude of the optical force and torque. The numerical results have potential applications involving the trapped graphene-coated gold nanosphere. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a266b67a9b164f65919f06d29993fcf12023-11-30T21:34:26ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2022-03-0113345610.3390/mi13030456Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel BeamBing Yan0Xiulan Ling1Renxian Li2Jianyong Zhang3Chenhua Liu4Shool of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaShool of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UKApplication Science Institute, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaIn the framework of the generalized Lorenz–Mie theory (GLMT), the optical force and torque on a graphene-coated gold nanosphere by a vector Bessel beam are investigated. The core of the particle is gold, whose dielectric function is given by the Drude–Sommerfeld model, and the coating is multilayer graphene with layer number <i>N</i>, whose dielectric function is described by the Lorentz–Drude model. The axial optical force <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>F</mi><mi>z</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and torque <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>z</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> are numerically analyzed, and the effects of the layer number <i>N</i>, wavelength <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and beam parameters (half-cone angle <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, polarization, and order <i>l</i>) are mainly discussed. Numerical results show that the optical force and torque peaks can be adjusted by increasing the thickness of the graphene coating, and can not be adjusted by changing <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>l</i>. However, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>l</i> can change the magnitude of the optical force and torque. The numerical results have potential applications involving the trapped graphene-coated gold nanosphere.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/3/456optical forceoptical torquevector Bessel beamgraphene-coated gold nanospheregeneralized Lorenz–Mie theorypolarization |
| spellingShingle | Bing Yan Xiulan Ling Renxian Li Jianyong Zhang Chenhua Liu Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam Micromachines optical force optical torque vector Bessel beam graphene-coated gold nanosphere generalized Lorenz–Mie theory polarization |
| title | Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam |
| title_full | Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam |
| title_fullStr | Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam |
| title_short | Optical Force and Torque on a Graphene-Coated Gold Nanosphere by a Vector Bessel Beam |
| title_sort | optical force and torque on a graphene coated gold nanosphere by a vector bessel beam |
| topic | optical force optical torque vector Bessel beam graphene-coated gold nanosphere generalized Lorenz–Mie theory polarization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/3/456 |
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