Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals
BackgroundWhile regional brain structure and function alterations in HIV-infected individuals have been reported, knowledge about the topological organization in gray matter networks is limited. This research aims to investigate the effects of early HIV infection and combination antiretroviral thera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.869871/full |
| _version_ | 1818020996278386688 |
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| author | Ruili Li Ruili Li Ruili Li Yuxun Gao Wei Wang Zengxin Jiao Bo Rao Guangxue Liu Hongjun Li |
| author_facet | Ruili Li Ruili Li Ruili Li Yuxun Gao Wei Wang Zengxin Jiao Bo Rao Guangxue Liu Hongjun Li |
| author_sort | Ruili Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundWhile regional brain structure and function alterations in HIV-infected individuals have been reported, knowledge about the topological organization in gray matter networks is limited. This research aims to investigate the effects of early HIV infection and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on gray matter structural covariance networks (SCNs) by employing graph theoretical analysis.MethodsSixty-five adult HIV+ individuals (25–50 years old), including 34 with cART (HIV+/cART+) and 31 medication-naïve (HIV+/cART–), and 35 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent high-resolution T1-weighted images. A sliding-window method was employed to create “age bins,” and SCNs (based on cortical thickness) were constructed for each bin by calculating Pearson's correlation coefficients. The group differences of network indices, including the mean nodal path length (Nlp), betweenness centrality (Bc), number of modules, modularity, global efficiency, local efficiency, and small-worldness, were evaluated by ANOVA and post-hoc tests employing the network-based statistics method.ResultsRelative to HCs, less efficiency in terms of information transfer in the parietal and occipital lobe (decreased Bc) and a compensated increase in the frontal lobe (decreased Nlp) were exhibited in both HIV+/cART+ and HIV+/cART– individuals (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected). Compared with HIV+/cART– and HCs, less specialized function segregation (decreased modularity and small-worldness property) and stronger integration in the network (increased Eglob and little changed path length) were found in HIV+/cART+ group (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected).ConclusionEarly HIV+ individuals exhibited a decrease in the efficiency of information transmission in sensory regions and a compensatory increase in the frontal lobe. HIV+/cART+ showed a less specialized regional segregation function, but a stronger global integration function in the network. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:13:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2755448239e4b0e9302b8b5b9ece45e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:13:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2755448239e4b0e9302b8b5b9ece45e2022-12-22T02:04:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-09-011310.3389/fneur.2022.869871869871Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individualsRuili Li0Ruili Li1Ruili Li2Yuxun Gao3Wei Wang4Zengxin Jiao5Bo Rao6Guangxue Liu7Hongjun Li8Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundWhile regional brain structure and function alterations in HIV-infected individuals have been reported, knowledge about the topological organization in gray matter networks is limited. This research aims to investigate the effects of early HIV infection and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on gray matter structural covariance networks (SCNs) by employing graph theoretical analysis.MethodsSixty-five adult HIV+ individuals (25–50 years old), including 34 with cART (HIV+/cART+) and 31 medication-naïve (HIV+/cART–), and 35 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent high-resolution T1-weighted images. A sliding-window method was employed to create “age bins,” and SCNs (based on cortical thickness) were constructed for each bin by calculating Pearson's correlation coefficients. The group differences of network indices, including the mean nodal path length (Nlp), betweenness centrality (Bc), number of modules, modularity, global efficiency, local efficiency, and small-worldness, were evaluated by ANOVA and post-hoc tests employing the network-based statistics method.ResultsRelative to HCs, less efficiency in terms of information transfer in the parietal and occipital lobe (decreased Bc) and a compensated increase in the frontal lobe (decreased Nlp) were exhibited in both HIV+/cART+ and HIV+/cART– individuals (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected). Compared with HIV+/cART– and HCs, less specialized function segregation (decreased modularity and small-worldness property) and stronger integration in the network (increased Eglob and little changed path length) were found in HIV+/cART+ group (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected).ConclusionEarly HIV+ individuals exhibited a decrease in the efficiency of information transmission in sensory regions and a compensatory increase in the frontal lobe. HIV+/cART+ showed a less specialized regional segregation function, but a stronger global integration function in the network.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.869871/fullHIVcognitive functioncombination antiretroviral therapy3D-T1WIstructural covariance network |
| spellingShingle | Ruili Li Ruili Li Ruili Li Yuxun Gao Wei Wang Zengxin Jiao Bo Rao Guangxue Liu Hongjun Li Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals Frontiers in Neurology HIV cognitive function combination antiretroviral therapy 3D-T1WI structural covariance network |
| title | Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals |
| title_full | Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals |
| title_fullStr | Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals |
| title_short | Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals |
| title_sort | altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug naive and treated early hiv infected individuals |
| topic | HIV cognitive function combination antiretroviral therapy 3D-T1WI structural covariance network |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.869871/full |
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