ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge.
Live-attenuated strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) routinely confer apparent sterilizing immunity against pathogenic SIV challenge in rhesus macaques. Understanding the mechanisms of protection by live-attenuated SIV may provide important insights into the immune responses needed for pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3426556?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819160777989292032 |
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| author | Michael D Alpert Jackson D Harvey W Anderson Lauer R Keith Reeves Michael Piatak Angela Carville Keith G Mansfield Jeffrey D Lifson Wenjun Li Ronald C Desrosiers R Paul Johnson David T Evans |
| author_facet | Michael D Alpert Jackson D Harvey W Anderson Lauer R Keith Reeves Michael Piatak Angela Carville Keith G Mansfield Jeffrey D Lifson Wenjun Li Ronald C Desrosiers R Paul Johnson David T Evans |
| author_sort | Michael D Alpert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Live-attenuated strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) routinely confer apparent sterilizing immunity against pathogenic SIV challenge in rhesus macaques. Understanding the mechanisms of protection by live-attenuated SIV may provide important insights into the immune responses needed for protection against HIV-1. Here we investigated the development of antibodies that are functional against neutralization-resistant SIV challenge strains, and tested the hypothesis that these antibodies are associated with protection. In the absence of detectable neutralizing antibodies, Env-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) emerged by three weeks after inoculation with SIVΔnef, increased progressively over time, and was proportional to SIVΔnef replication. Persistent infection with SIVΔnef elicited significantly higher ADCC titers than immunization with a non-persistent SIV strain that is limited to a single cycle of infection. ADCC titers were higher against viruses matched to the vaccine strain in Env, but were measurable against viruses expressing heterologous Env proteins. In two separate experiments, which took advantage of either the strain-specificity or the time-dependent maturation of immunity to overcome complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge, measures of ADCC activity were higher among the SIVΔnef-inoculated macaques that remained uninfected than among those that became infected. These observations show that features of the antibody response elicited by SIVΔnef are consistent with hallmarks of protection by live-attenuated SIV, and reveal an association between Env-specific antibodies that direct ADCC and apparent sterilizing protection by SIVΔnef. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:01:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a27a1df9350c44a1a97f7783c33d20e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:01:51Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-a27a1df9350c44a1a97f7783c33d20e92022-12-21T18:19:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742012-01-0188e100289010.1371/journal.ppat.1002890ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge.Michael D AlpertJackson D HarveyW Anderson LauerR Keith ReevesMichael PiatakAngela CarvilleKeith G MansfieldJeffrey D LifsonWenjun LiRonald C DesrosiersR Paul JohnsonDavid T EvansLive-attenuated strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) routinely confer apparent sterilizing immunity against pathogenic SIV challenge in rhesus macaques. Understanding the mechanisms of protection by live-attenuated SIV may provide important insights into the immune responses needed for protection against HIV-1. Here we investigated the development of antibodies that are functional against neutralization-resistant SIV challenge strains, and tested the hypothesis that these antibodies are associated with protection. In the absence of detectable neutralizing antibodies, Env-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) emerged by three weeks after inoculation with SIVΔnef, increased progressively over time, and was proportional to SIVΔnef replication. Persistent infection with SIVΔnef elicited significantly higher ADCC titers than immunization with a non-persistent SIV strain that is limited to a single cycle of infection. ADCC titers were higher against viruses matched to the vaccine strain in Env, but were measurable against viruses expressing heterologous Env proteins. In two separate experiments, which took advantage of either the strain-specificity or the time-dependent maturation of immunity to overcome complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge, measures of ADCC activity were higher among the SIVΔnef-inoculated macaques that remained uninfected than among those that became infected. These observations show that features of the antibody response elicited by SIVΔnef are consistent with hallmarks of protection by live-attenuated SIV, and reveal an association between Env-specific antibodies that direct ADCC and apparent sterilizing protection by SIVΔnef.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3426556?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Michael D Alpert Jackson D Harvey W Anderson Lauer R Keith Reeves Michael Piatak Angela Carville Keith G Mansfield Jeffrey D Lifson Wenjun Li Ronald C Desrosiers R Paul Johnson David T Evans ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. |
| title_full | ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. |
| title_fullStr | ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. |
| title_full_unstemmed | ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. |
| title_short | ADCC develops over time during persistent infection with live-attenuated SIV and is associated with complete protection against SIV(mac)251 challenge. |
| title_sort | adcc develops over time during persistent infection with live attenuated siv and is associated with complete protection against siv mac 251 challenge |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3426556?pdf=render |
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