Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles
This study reports new phenomena of the interstitial fluid (ISF) microflow along perivascular and adventitial clearances (PAC) around neurovascular bundles. The fluorescent tracing was used to observe the ISF flow along the PAC of neurovascular bundles in 8–10 week old BALB/c mice. The new results i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/4/172 |
| _version_ | 1797457011167723520 |
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| author | Yiya Kong Xiaobin Yu Gang Peng Fang Wang Yajun Yin |
| author_facet | Yiya Kong Xiaobin Yu Gang Peng Fang Wang Yajun Yin |
| author_sort | Yiya Kong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study reports new phenomena of the interstitial fluid (ISF) microflow along perivascular and adventitial clearances (PAC) around neurovascular bundles. The fluorescent tracing was used to observe the ISF flow along the PAC of neurovascular bundles in 8–10 week old BALB/c mice. The new results include: (1) the topologic structure of the PAC around the neurovascular bundles is revealed; (2) the heart-orientated ISF flow along the PAC is observed; (3) the double-belt ISF flow along the venous adventitial clearance of the PAC is recorded; (4) the waterfall-like ISF flow induced by the small branching vessel or torn fascia along the PAC is discovered. Based on the above new phenomena, this paper approached the following objectives: (1) the kinematic laws of the ISF flow along the PAC around neurovascular bundles are set up; (2) the applicability of the hypothesis on the PAC and its subspaces by numerical simulations are examined. The findings of this paper not only enriched the image of the ISF flow through the body but also explained the kernel structure of the ISF flow (i.e., the PAC). It helps to lay the foundation for the kinematics and dynamics of the ISF flow along the PAC around neurovascular bundles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:16:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a28d16f11ca04397ade90e505e83ed4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:16:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-a28d16f11ca04397ade90e505e83ed4a2023-11-24T15:48:52ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832022-10-0113417210.3390/jfb13040172Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular BundlesYiya Kong0Xiaobin Yu1Gang Peng2Fang Wang3Yajun Yin4Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaThis study reports new phenomena of the interstitial fluid (ISF) microflow along perivascular and adventitial clearances (PAC) around neurovascular bundles. The fluorescent tracing was used to observe the ISF flow along the PAC of neurovascular bundles in 8–10 week old BALB/c mice. The new results include: (1) the topologic structure of the PAC around the neurovascular bundles is revealed; (2) the heart-orientated ISF flow along the PAC is observed; (3) the double-belt ISF flow along the venous adventitial clearance of the PAC is recorded; (4) the waterfall-like ISF flow induced by the small branching vessel or torn fascia along the PAC is discovered. Based on the above new phenomena, this paper approached the following objectives: (1) the kinematic laws of the ISF flow along the PAC around neurovascular bundles are set up; (2) the applicability of the hypothesis on the PAC and its subspaces by numerical simulations are examined. The findings of this paper not only enriched the image of the ISF flow through the body but also explained the kernel structure of the ISF flow (i.e., the PAC). It helps to lay the foundation for the kinematics and dynamics of the ISF flow along the PAC around neurovascular bundles.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/4/172interstitial fluid (ISF)microflowperivascular and adventitial clearanceneurovascular bundlesaccompanying veinaccompanying artery |
| spellingShingle | Yiya Kong Xiaobin Yu Gang Peng Fang Wang Yajun Yin Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles Journal of Functional Biomaterials interstitial fluid (ISF) microflow perivascular and adventitial clearance neurovascular bundles accompanying vein accompanying artery |
| title | Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles |
| title_full | Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles |
| title_fullStr | Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles |
| title_short | Interstitial Fluid Flows along Perivascular and Adventitial Clearances around Neurovascular Bundles |
| title_sort | interstitial fluid flows along perivascular and adventitial clearances around neurovascular bundles |
| topic | interstitial fluid (ISF) microflow perivascular and adventitial clearance neurovascular bundles accompanying vein accompanying artery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/4/172 |
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