The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study
Abstract Introduction Propofol and Ephedrine are commonly used during anesthesia maintenance, the former as a hypnotic agent and the later as a vasopressor. The addition of propofol to ephedrine or administration of ephedrine before propofol injection is useful for decreasing or preventing propofol...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia
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| Series: | Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-70942018000100069&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Serkan Tulgar Elcin Akduman Alasehir Onur Selvi |
| author_facet | Serkan Tulgar Elcin Akduman Alasehir Onur Selvi |
| author_sort | Serkan Tulgar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Propofol and Ephedrine are commonly used during anesthesia maintenance, the former as a hypnotic agent and the later as a vasopressor. The addition of propofol to ephedrine or administration of ephedrine before propofol injection is useful for decreasing or preventing propofol related hemodynamic changes and vascular pain. This in vitro study evaluated the antibacterial effect on common hospital-acquired infection pathogens of ephedrine alone or combined with propofol. Material and method The study was performed in two stages. In the first, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of propofol and ephedrine alone and combined was calculated for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter spp. at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h, using the microdilution method. In the second stage, the same drugs and combination were used to determine their effect on bacterial growth. Bacterial solutions were prepared at 0.5 MacFarland in sterile 0.9% physiological saline and diluted at 1/100 concentration. Colony numbers were measured as colony forming units.mL-1 at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12th hours. Results Ephedrine either alone or combined with propofol did not have an antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and this was similar to propofol. However, ephedrine alone and combined with propofol was found to have an antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter species at 512 mcg.mL-1 concentration and significantly decreased bacterial growth rate. Conclusion Ephedrine has an antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter species which were frequently encountered pathogens as a cause of nosocomial infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2948a0b038f40d0a97d0d1f85cab308 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1806-907X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:28:03Z |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2948a0b038f40d0a97d0d1f85cab3082022-12-21T20:14:17ZengSociedade Brasileira de AnestesiologiaRevista Brasileira de Anestesiologia1806-907X681697410.1016/j.bjane.2017.06.004S0034-70942018000100069The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro studySerkan TulgarElcin Akduman AlasehirOnur SelviAbstract Introduction Propofol and Ephedrine are commonly used during anesthesia maintenance, the former as a hypnotic agent and the later as a vasopressor. The addition of propofol to ephedrine or administration of ephedrine before propofol injection is useful for decreasing or preventing propofol related hemodynamic changes and vascular pain. This in vitro study evaluated the antibacterial effect on common hospital-acquired infection pathogens of ephedrine alone or combined with propofol. Material and method The study was performed in two stages. In the first, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of propofol and ephedrine alone and combined was calculated for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter spp. at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h, using the microdilution method. In the second stage, the same drugs and combination were used to determine their effect on bacterial growth. Bacterial solutions were prepared at 0.5 MacFarland in sterile 0.9% physiological saline and diluted at 1/100 concentration. Colony numbers were measured as colony forming units.mL-1 at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12th hours. Results Ephedrine either alone or combined with propofol did not have an antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and this was similar to propofol. However, ephedrine alone and combined with propofol was found to have an antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter species at 512 mcg.mL-1 concentration and significantly decreased bacterial growth rate. Conclusion Ephedrine has an antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter species which were frequently encountered pathogens as a cause of nosocomial infections.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-70942018000100069&lng=en&tlng=enEphedrinePropofolAntimicrobial |
| spellingShingle | Serkan Tulgar Elcin Akduman Alasehir Onur Selvi The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia Ephedrine Propofol Antimicrobial |
| title | The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study |
| title_full | The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study |
| title_fullStr | The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study |
| title_short | The antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol: an in vitro study |
| title_sort | antimicrobial activity of ephedrine and admixture of ephedrine and propofol an in vitro study |
| topic | Ephedrine Propofol Antimicrobial |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-70942018000100069&lng=en&tlng=en |
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