Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review
Abstract Objectives To identify the existing assessment methods used to measure the spinal flexibility of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis before bracing and to evaluate the predictive effect of spinal flexibility on bracing outcomes. Methods A broad literature search was performed in the PubMe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04430-z |
| _version_ | 1827581513490759680 |
|---|---|
| author | Chang Liang Luo Christina Zong Hao Ma Yi Ying Zou Li Sha Zhang Man Sang Wong |
| author_facet | Chang Liang Luo Christina Zong Hao Ma Yi Ying Zou Li Sha Zhang Man Sang Wong |
| author_sort | Chang Liang Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives To identify the existing assessment methods used to measure the spinal flexibility of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis before bracing and to evaluate the predictive effect of spinal flexibility on bracing outcomes. Methods A broad literature search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases to obtain relevant information about spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes. All literature was retrieved by October 14, 2023. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were meticulously determined. The quality of each included study and the level of evidence were evaluated by the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) method and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system, respectively. Results After screening 1863 articles retrieved from databases, a total of 14 studies with 2261 subjects were eligible for the final analysis in this review. Overall, nine methods of flexibility assessment were identified, including supine radiographs, supine lateral bending radiographs, lateral bending radiographs but without clear positions, hanging radiographs, fulcrum bending physical method, and ultrasound imaging in the positions of supine, prone, sitting with side bending and prone with side bending. In addition, five studies demonstrated that flexibility had a strong correlation with in-brace correction, and eleven studies illustrated that spinal flexibility was a predictive factor of the bracing outcomes of initial in-brace Cobb angle, initial in-brace correction rate, curve progression, and curve regression. The results of GRADE demonstrated a moderate-evidence rating for the predictive value of spinal flexibility. Conclusion Supine radiography was the most prevalent method for measuring spinal flexibility at the pre-brace stage. Spinal flexibility was strongly correlated with the in-brace Cobb angle or correction rate, and moderate evidence supported that spinal flexibility could predict bracing outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:36:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a294b7ecd6f14960be317c7f277a8431 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-799X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:36:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a294b7ecd6f14960be317c7f277a84312023-12-17T12:24:48ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2023-12-0118111710.1186/s13018-023-04430-zAssociations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature reviewChang Liang Luo0Christina Zong Hao Ma1Yi Ying Zou2Li Sha Zhang3Man Sang Wong4Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityAbstract Objectives To identify the existing assessment methods used to measure the spinal flexibility of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis before bracing and to evaluate the predictive effect of spinal flexibility on bracing outcomes. Methods A broad literature search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases to obtain relevant information about spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes. All literature was retrieved by October 14, 2023. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were meticulously determined. The quality of each included study and the level of evidence were evaluated by the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) method and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system, respectively. Results After screening 1863 articles retrieved from databases, a total of 14 studies with 2261 subjects were eligible for the final analysis in this review. Overall, nine methods of flexibility assessment were identified, including supine radiographs, supine lateral bending radiographs, lateral bending radiographs but without clear positions, hanging radiographs, fulcrum bending physical method, and ultrasound imaging in the positions of supine, prone, sitting with side bending and prone with side bending. In addition, five studies demonstrated that flexibility had a strong correlation with in-brace correction, and eleven studies illustrated that spinal flexibility was a predictive factor of the bracing outcomes of initial in-brace Cobb angle, initial in-brace correction rate, curve progression, and curve regression. The results of GRADE demonstrated a moderate-evidence rating for the predictive value of spinal flexibility. Conclusion Supine radiography was the most prevalent method for measuring spinal flexibility at the pre-brace stage. Spinal flexibility was strongly correlated with the in-brace Cobb angle or correction rate, and moderate evidence supported that spinal flexibility could predict bracing outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04430-zAdolescent idiopathic scoliosisSpinal flexibilityBracingPredictor |
| spellingShingle | Chang Liang Luo Christina Zong Hao Ma Yi Ying Zou Li Sha Zhang Man Sang Wong Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Spinal flexibility Bracing Predictor |
| title | Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review |
| title_full | Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review |
| title_fullStr | Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review |
| title_short | Associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review |
| title_sort | associations between spinal flexibility and bracing outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis a literature review |
| topic | Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Spinal flexibility Bracing Predictor |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04430-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT changliangluo associationsbetweenspinalflexibilityandbracingoutcomesinadolescentidiopathicscoliosisaliteraturereview AT christinazonghaoma associationsbetweenspinalflexibilityandbracingoutcomesinadolescentidiopathicscoliosisaliteraturereview AT yiyingzou associationsbetweenspinalflexibilityandbracingoutcomesinadolescentidiopathicscoliosisaliteraturereview AT lishazhang associationsbetweenspinalflexibilityandbracingoutcomesinadolescentidiopathicscoliosisaliteraturereview AT mansangwong associationsbetweenspinalflexibilityandbracingoutcomesinadolescentidiopathicscoliosisaliteraturereview |