Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts
Enhanced visible light-responsive TiO2 modified with nitrogen, sodium, and iron was synthesized using an integration of green synthesis and wet impregnation method. The prepared nanocatalysts were characterized using some analytical tools like UV–visible spectrometry (UV–visible), photoluminescence...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Results in Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715622001990 |
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| author | A.T. Amigun F.A. Adekola J.O. Tijani S. Mustapha |
| author_facet | A.T. Amigun F.A. Adekola J.O. Tijani S. Mustapha |
| author_sort | A.T. Amigun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enhanced visible light-responsive TiO2 modified with nitrogen, sodium, and iron was synthesized using an integration of green synthesis and wet impregnation method. The prepared nanocatalysts were characterized using some analytical tools like UV–visible spectrometry (UV–visible), photoluminescence (PL), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller N2 adsorption–desorption process, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, The photocatalytic activity of N/Na/Fe–TiO2 and bared TiO2 for the degradation of Malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous solution under visible light was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box Benhken Design was used to evaluate the interaction between three important independent variables (reaction time, catalyst dosage, and dye solution pH). The XRD results of the prepared samples showed that the crystal phase was anatase irrespective of the modifiers. The BET surface areas of the tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts (80.165 m2/g) were higher than the undoped TiO2 (10.25 m2/g). XPS analysis confirmed the existence of Ti in + 4 oxidation states with or without the dopants. The MG removal efficiency was pH and catalyst dosage-dependent, and maximum MG degradation (96.57 %) was obtained using N/Na/Fe tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalyst under optimum experimental conditions of 0.11 g catalyst dosage, 25.83 min reaction time, and pH of 9.89. The N/Na/Fe-TiO2 nanocatalyst was reusable for up to 5 cycles without significant loss of photocatalytic activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:23:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a29fdfee6db5444abb803d9c7dcf7e03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-7156 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:23:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-a29fdfee6db5444abb803d9c7dcf7e032022-12-22T03:00:40ZengElsevierResults in Chemistry2211-71562022-01-014100480Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalystsA.T. Amigun0F.A. Adekola1J.O. Tijani2S. Mustapha3Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin PMB1601, Nigeria; Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, Minna PMB 65, Nigeria; Nanotechnology Research Group, African Centre of Excellence on Food Safety and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Bosso, Minna, Niger State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, Minna PMB 65, Nigeria; Nanotechnology Research Group, African Centre of Excellence on Food Safety and Mycotoxins, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Bosso, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, Minna PMB 65, Nigeria.Enhanced visible light-responsive TiO2 modified with nitrogen, sodium, and iron was synthesized using an integration of green synthesis and wet impregnation method. The prepared nanocatalysts were characterized using some analytical tools like UV–visible spectrometry (UV–visible), photoluminescence (PL), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller N2 adsorption–desorption process, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, The photocatalytic activity of N/Na/Fe–TiO2 and bared TiO2 for the degradation of Malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous solution under visible light was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box Benhken Design was used to evaluate the interaction between three important independent variables (reaction time, catalyst dosage, and dye solution pH). The XRD results of the prepared samples showed that the crystal phase was anatase irrespective of the modifiers. The BET surface areas of the tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts (80.165 m2/g) were higher than the undoped TiO2 (10.25 m2/g). XPS analysis confirmed the existence of Ti in + 4 oxidation states with or without the dopants. The MG removal efficiency was pH and catalyst dosage-dependent, and maximum MG degradation (96.57 %) was obtained using N/Na/Fe tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalyst under optimum experimental conditions of 0.11 g catalyst dosage, 25.83 min reaction time, and pH of 9.89. The N/Na/Fe-TiO2 nanocatalyst was reusable for up to 5 cycles without significant loss of photocatalytic activity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715622001990Green synthesisN/Na/Fe-TiO2Malachite green dyePhotocatalysis |
| spellingShingle | A.T. Amigun F.A. Adekola J.O. Tijani S. Mustapha Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts Results in Chemistry Green synthesis N/Na/Fe-TiO2 Malachite green dye Photocatalysis |
| title | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts |
| title_full | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts |
| title_short | Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts |
| title_sort | photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen sodium iron tio2 nanocatalysts |
| topic | Green synthesis N/Na/Fe-TiO2 Malachite green dye Photocatalysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715622001990 |
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