Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds
The maturation of seeds is a process of particular importance both for the plant itself by assuring the survival of the species and for the human population for nutritional and economic reasons. Controlling this process requires a strict coordination of many factors at different levels of the functi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12380 |
| _version_ | 1797586618423443456 |
|---|---|
| author | Natalia Klajn Katarzyna Kapczyńska Paweł Pasikowski Paulina Glazińska Hubert Kugiel Jacek Kęsy Waldemar Wojciechowski |
| author_facet | Natalia Klajn Katarzyna Kapczyńska Paweł Pasikowski Paulina Glazińska Hubert Kugiel Jacek Kęsy Waldemar Wojciechowski |
| author_sort | Natalia Klajn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The maturation of seeds is a process of particular importance both for the plant itself by assuring the survival of the species and for the human population for nutritional and economic reasons. Controlling this process requires a strict coordination of many factors at different levels of the functioning of genetic and hormonal changes as well as cellular organization. One of the most important examples is the transcriptional activity of the <i>LAFL</i> gene regulatory network, which includes LEAFY <i>COTYLEDON1</i> (<i>LEC1</i>) and <i>LEC1</i>-<i>LIKE</i> (<i>L1L</i>) and <i>ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3</i> (<i>ABI3</i>), <i>FUSCA3</i> (<i>FUS3</i>), and <i>LEC2</i> (<i>LEAFY COTYLEDON2</i>), as well as hormonal homeostasis–of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) in particular. From the nutritional point of view, the key to seed development is the ability of seeds to accumulate large amounts of proteins with different structures and properties. The world’s food deficit is mainly related to shortages of protein, and taking into consideration the environmental changes occurring on Earth, it is becoming necessary to search for a way to obtain large amounts of plant-derived protein while maintaining the diversity of its origin. Yellow lupin, whose storage proteins are conglutins, is one of the plant species native to Europe that accumulates large amounts of this nutrient in its seeds. In this article we have shown the key changes occurring in the developing seeds of the yellow-lupin cultivar Taper by means of modern molecular biology techniques, including RNA-seq, chromatographic techniques and quantitative PCR analysis. We identified regulatory genes fundamental to the seed-filling process, as well as genes encoding conglutins. We also investigated how exogenous application of ABA and GA<sub>3</sub> affects the expression of <i>LlLEC2</i>, <i>LlABI3</i>, <i>LlFUS3,</i> and genes encoding β- and δ-conglutins and whether it results in the amount of accumulated seed storage proteins. The research shows that for each species, even related plants, very specific changes can be identified. Thus the analysis and possibility of using such an approach to improve and stabilize yields requires even more detailed and extended research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:25:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2b45bd7e7264173bd3abc0f883fa4b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:25:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2b45bd7e7264173bd3abc0f883fa4b22023-11-18T23:04:14ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-08-0124151238010.3390/ijms241512380Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) SeedsNatalia Klajn0Katarzyna Kapczyńska1Paweł Pasikowski2Paulina Glazińska3Hubert Kugiel4Jacek Kęsy5Waldemar Wojciechowski6Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, PolandDepartment of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, PolandLife Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, PolandLABcenter Life Agro Biotechnology Ltd., Gliniana 14, 97-300 Piotrków Trybunalski, PolandDepartment of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, PolandLABcenter Life Agro Biotechnology Ltd., Gliniana 14, 97-300 Piotrków Trybunalski, PolandThe maturation of seeds is a process of particular importance both for the plant itself by assuring the survival of the species and for the human population for nutritional and economic reasons. Controlling this process requires a strict coordination of many factors at different levels of the functioning of genetic and hormonal changes as well as cellular organization. One of the most important examples is the transcriptional activity of the <i>LAFL</i> gene regulatory network, which includes LEAFY <i>COTYLEDON1</i> (<i>LEC1</i>) and <i>LEC1</i>-<i>LIKE</i> (<i>L1L</i>) and <i>ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3</i> (<i>ABI3</i>), <i>FUSCA3</i> (<i>FUS3</i>), and <i>LEC2</i> (<i>LEAFY COTYLEDON2</i>), as well as hormonal homeostasis–of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) in particular. From the nutritional point of view, the key to seed development is the ability of seeds to accumulate large amounts of proteins with different structures and properties. The world’s food deficit is mainly related to shortages of protein, and taking into consideration the environmental changes occurring on Earth, it is becoming necessary to search for a way to obtain large amounts of plant-derived protein while maintaining the diversity of its origin. Yellow lupin, whose storage proteins are conglutins, is one of the plant species native to Europe that accumulates large amounts of this nutrient in its seeds. In this article we have shown the key changes occurring in the developing seeds of the yellow-lupin cultivar Taper by means of modern molecular biology techniques, including RNA-seq, chromatographic techniques and quantitative PCR analysis. We identified regulatory genes fundamental to the seed-filling process, as well as genes encoding conglutins. We also investigated how exogenous application of ABA and GA<sub>3</sub> affects the expression of <i>LlLEC2</i>, <i>LlABI3</i>, <i>LlFUS3,</i> and genes encoding β- and δ-conglutins and whether it results in the amount of accumulated seed storage proteins. The research shows that for each species, even related plants, very specific changes can be identified. Thus the analysis and possibility of using such an approach to improve and stabilize yields requires even more detailed and extended research.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12380δ-conglutinβ-conglutin<i>LAFL</i>ABAGAyellow lupine |
| spellingShingle | Natalia Klajn Katarzyna Kapczyńska Paweł Pasikowski Paulina Glazińska Hubert Kugiel Jacek Kęsy Waldemar Wojciechowski Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds International Journal of Molecular Sciences δ-conglutin β-conglutin <i>LAFL</i> ABA GA yellow lupine |
| title | Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds |
| title_full | Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds |
| title_fullStr | Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds |
| title_short | Regulatory Effects of ABA and GA on the Expression of Conglutin Genes and <i>LAFL</i> Network Genes in Yellow Lupine (<i>Lupinus luteus</i> L.) Seeds |
| title_sort | regulatory effects of aba and ga on the expression of conglutin genes and i lafl i network genes in yellow lupine i lupinus luteus i l seeds |
| topic | δ-conglutin β-conglutin <i>LAFL</i> ABA GA yellow lupine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12380 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nataliaklajn regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT katarzynakapczynska regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT pawełpasikowski regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT paulinaglazinska regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT hubertkugiel regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT jacekkesy regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds AT waldemarwojciechowski regulatoryeffectsofabaandgaontheexpressionofconglutingenesandilaflinetworkgenesinyellowlupineilupinusluteusilseeds |