Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia
<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Adequate dietary intake of iodine and selenium is essential during pregnancy. While iodine is vital for maternal thyroid function and fetal development, selenium contributes to the regulation of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. This study aimed...
| Κύριοι συγγραφείς: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Μορφή: | Άρθρο |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Σειρά: | Medicina |
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| Διαθέσιμο Online: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1211 |
| _version_ | 1827676175387852800 |
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| author | Vija Veisa Ieva Kalere Tatjana Zake Ieva Strele Marina Makrecka-Kuka Sabine Upmale-Engela Andrejs Skesters Dace Rezeberga Aivars Lejnieks Iveta Pudule Daiga Grinberga Biruta Velika Maija Dambrova Ilze Konrade |
| author_facet | Vija Veisa Ieva Kalere Tatjana Zake Ieva Strele Marina Makrecka-Kuka Sabine Upmale-Engela Andrejs Skesters Dace Rezeberga Aivars Lejnieks Iveta Pudule Daiga Grinberga Biruta Velika Maija Dambrova Ilze Konrade |
| author_sort | Vija Veisa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives:</i> Adequate dietary intake of iodine and selenium is essential during pregnancy. While iodine is vital for maternal thyroid function and fetal development, selenium contributes to the regulation of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. This study aimed to assess the consumption of iodine- and selenium-containing products by women of reproductive age and the iodine and selenium nutritional status of pregnant women in Latvia. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Population health survey (2010–2018) data were used to characterize dietary habits in women of reproductive age. Additionally, 129 pregnant women in the first trimester were recruited; they completed a questionnaire and were tested for thyroid function, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and serum selenium and selenoprotein P levels. <i>Results:</i> The use of some dietary sources of iodine (e.g., milk and dairy products) and selenium (e.g., bread) has decreased in recent years. Less than 10% of respondents reported the use of iodized salt. The use of supplements has become more common (reported by almost 50% of respondents in 2018). Dietary habits were similar in pregnant women, but the use of supplements was even higher (almost 70%). Nevertheless, most supplements used in pregnancy had insufficient contents of iodine and selenium. Thyroid function was euthyreotic in all women, but 13.9% of participants had a thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-ab) level above 60 IU/mL. The median UIC (IQR) was 147.2 (90.0–248.1) μg/gCr, and 52.8% of pregnant women had a UIC below 150 μg/gCr. The mean selenium (SD) level was 101.5 (35.6) μg/L; 30.1% of women had a selenium level below 80 μg/L. The median selenoprotein P level was 6.9 (3.1–9.0) mg/L. <i>Conclusions:</i> Iodine nutrition in Latvian population of pregnant women was near the lower limit of adequate and a third of the population had a selenium deficiency. Supplements were frequently used, but most did not contain the recommended amounts of iodine and selenium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:18:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a2b51c3528c84689853c99b193da5793 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:18:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-a2b51c3528c84689853c99b193da57932023-11-23T00:17:23ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-11-015711121110.3390/medicina57111211Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in LatviaVija Veisa0Ieva Kalere1Tatjana Zake2Ieva Strele3Marina Makrecka-Kuka4Sabine Upmale-Engela5Andrejs Skesters6Dace Rezeberga7Aivars Lejnieks8Iveta Pudule9Daiga Grinberga10Biruta Velika11Maija Dambrova12Ilze Konrade13Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaInstitute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaLatvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaScientific Laboratory of Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaCentre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, LatviaCentre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, LatviaCentre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Adequate dietary intake of iodine and selenium is essential during pregnancy. While iodine is vital for maternal thyroid function and fetal development, selenium contributes to the regulation of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. This study aimed to assess the consumption of iodine- and selenium-containing products by women of reproductive age and the iodine and selenium nutritional status of pregnant women in Latvia. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Population health survey (2010–2018) data were used to characterize dietary habits in women of reproductive age. Additionally, 129 pregnant women in the first trimester were recruited; they completed a questionnaire and were tested for thyroid function, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and serum selenium and selenoprotein P levels. <i>Results:</i> The use of some dietary sources of iodine (e.g., milk and dairy products) and selenium (e.g., bread) has decreased in recent years. Less than 10% of respondents reported the use of iodized salt. The use of supplements has become more common (reported by almost 50% of respondents in 2018). Dietary habits were similar in pregnant women, but the use of supplements was even higher (almost 70%). Nevertheless, most supplements used in pregnancy had insufficient contents of iodine and selenium. Thyroid function was euthyreotic in all women, but 13.9% of participants had a thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-ab) level above 60 IU/mL. The median UIC (IQR) was 147.2 (90.0–248.1) μg/gCr, and 52.8% of pregnant women had a UIC below 150 μg/gCr. The mean selenium (SD) level was 101.5 (35.6) μg/L; 30.1% of women had a selenium level below 80 μg/L. The median selenoprotein P level was 6.9 (3.1–9.0) mg/L. <i>Conclusions:</i> Iodine nutrition in Latvian population of pregnant women was near the lower limit of adequate and a third of the population had a selenium deficiency. Supplements were frequently used, but most did not contain the recommended amounts of iodine and selenium.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1211iodineurinary iodine concentration (UIC)thyroidpregnancyautoimmunityselenium |
| spellingShingle | Vija Veisa Ieva Kalere Tatjana Zake Ieva Strele Marina Makrecka-Kuka Sabine Upmale-Engela Andrejs Skesters Dace Rezeberga Aivars Lejnieks Iveta Pudule Daiga Grinberga Biruta Velika Maija Dambrova Ilze Konrade Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia Medicina iodine urinary iodine concentration (UIC) thyroid pregnancy autoimmunity selenium |
| title | Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia |
| title_full | Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia |
| title_short | Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia |
| title_sort | assessment of iodine and selenium nutritional status in women of reproductive age in latvia |
| topic | iodine urinary iodine concentration (UIC) thyroid pregnancy autoimmunity selenium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1211 |
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